Town · New Hampshire
Effingham, New Hampshire
Effingham, town, in Carroll County, New Hampshire. Effingham had 1,819 residents on July 1, 2025 by the Census Bureau's estimate, up 7.2% since 2020; the 2020 Census counted 1,691 and the ACS 2020-2024 5-year estimates put it at 1,912 (±305). GEOID 3300323620.
Residents, July 2025 estimate
1,819
Census Bureau estimate (no margin published)
2020 Census count: 1,691 · ACS 2020-2024: 1,912 ±305
Median household income
$76,607
±$14,066 (90% margin)
New Hampshire: $99,031
Median home value
$322,700
±$30,395 (90% margin)
New Hampshire: $402,500
Median gross rent
$1,090
±$121 (90% margin)
New Hampshire: $1,491
Where is Effingham and what county is it in?
Effingham is a town in Carroll County, New Hampshire. It covers 38.8 square miles of land, 44 residents per square mile in 2020.
Effingham is the same area as Census Tract 9558.01 of Carroll County: the tract's figures are Effingham's own.
Source: 2024 Gazetteer and 2020 place-by-county files, U.S. Census Bureau · Census reference files
How many people live in Effingham, and is it growing?
The Census Bureau estimates that 1,819 people lived in Effingham on July 1, 2025, up 7.2% since 2020, faster than New Hampshire (+2.7%). The 2020 Census counted 1,691 residents. The 2020-2024 American Community Survey, a five-year sample, puts the population at 1,912 (±305).
| Measure | Effingham | Carroll County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total population | 1,912±305 | 51,804 | no clear change |
| Households | 579±68 | 21,847 | no clear change |
| Average household size | 3.24±0.55 | 2.34 | no clear change |
| Housing units | 942±70 | 40,421 | no clear change |
Effingham's population since 2000
From 1,273 in 2000 to 1,819 in 2025: up 42.9%. The 2000, 2010 and 2020 figures are census counts, each for Effingham as it was drawn that year: a place that annexed land, or a community that has since incorporated, covered a different area then. The 2005 figure is the Census Bureau's intercensal estimate, revised to fit the 2000 and 2010 counts and drawn on 2010 boundaries; 2015 and 2025 are July 1 estimates made from the census before them.
Source: The 2000, 2010 and 2020 Census counts and the Census Bureau's population estimates (intercensal 2000-2010, Vintage 2020, Vintage 2025) · Census population estimates
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026); Census PEP Vintage 2025 (SUB-EST2025, CO-EST2025); 2020 Census P.L. 94-171 · Check it at data.census.gov
Who lives in Effingham?
The median resident of Effingham is 46.9 years old; 19.5% are under 18 and 18.7% are 65 or older. The largest group is non-Hispanic white residents at 93.0%, then non-Hispanic residents of two or more races at 6.5%.
| Measure | Effingham | Carroll County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median age | 46.9±12.4 | 54.6 | no clear change |
| Under 18 years | 19.5%±4.1 pts | 14.7% | – |
| 65 years and over | 18.7%±5.4 pts | 30.9% | – |
| Male | 47.5%±5.6 pts | 50.6% | – |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 0.3%±0.4 pts | 1.8% | – |
| White alone, not Hispanic | 93.0%±4.2 pts | 94.0% | no clear change |
| Black or African American alone, not Hispanic | 0.1%±0.3 pts | 0.6% | – |
| Asian alone, not Hispanic | 0.2%±0.2 pts | 0.8% | – |
| American Indian and Alaska Native alone, not Hispanic | 0.0%±1.8 pts | 0.3% | – |
| Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, not Hispanic | 0.0%±1.8 pts | 0.0% | – |
| Two or more races, not Hispanic | 6.5%±4.1 pts | 2.4% | – |
| Some other race alone, not Hispanic | 0.0%±1.8 pts | 0.2% | – |
| Born outside the United States | 0.3%±0.4 pts | 2.3% | – |
| Speak a language other than English at home (age 5+) | 1.5%±1.1 pts | 3.8% | – |
| Civilian veterans (age 18+) | 4.0%±1.9 pts | 9.1% | – |
| With a disability | 18.1%±4.2 pts | 18.0% | – |
| No health insurance coverage | 9.9%±5.0 pts | 6.8% | no clear change |
| High school graduate or higher (age 25+) | 95.5%±2.0 pts | 95.6% | – |
| Bachelor's degree or higher (age 25+) | 20.3%±5.7 pts | 38.6% | no clear change |
| Graduate or professional degree (age 25+) | 6.9%±3.3 pts | 16.6% | – |
| Lived in the same house a year earlier | 79.4%±11.6 pts | 91.3% | – |
| Moved from another state in the past year | 0.9%±1.2 pts | 3.8% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profiles DP02, DP05) · Check it at data.census.gov
What do households in Effingham earn?
Half of Effingham's 579 households earn less than $76,607 a year (±$14,066), against $86,463 in Carroll County and $99,031 in New Hampshire. In 2015-2019 it was $86,149 in 2024 dollars; the margins of error cannot tell the two periods apart. 9.0% of residents live below the poverty line.
| Measure | Effingham | Carroll County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median household income | $76,607±$14,066 | $86,463 | no clear change |
| Mean household income | $101,316±$16,534 | $113,348 | – |
| Per capita income | $38,192±$4,986 | $50,677 | no clear change |
| People below the poverty line | 9.0%±4.1 pts | 7.6% | no clear change |
| Children under 18 below the poverty line | 0.0%±9.7 pts | 6.7% | – |
| Households receiving SNAP | 10.5%±4.7 pts | 5.0% | – |
| Households with a computer | 96.9%±2.9 pts | 97.0% | – |
| Households with a broadband subscription | 88.9%±5.7 pts | 91.5% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP03) · Check it at data.census.gov
What does housing cost in Effingham?
Owners occupy 90.2% of Effingham's occupied homes and renters 9.8%. The median owner-occupied home is valued at $322,700 by its owner (±$30,395). The median renter pays $1,090 a month including utilities.
| Measure | Effingham | Carroll County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median home value (owner-occupied) | $322,700±$30,395 | $388,900 | +$111,636 |
| Median gross rent | $1,090±$121 | $1,195 | −$341 |
| Renters paying 35% or more of income on rent | 13.6%±18.5 pts | 32.6% | – |
| Median monthly owner costs, with a mortgage | $1,906±$156 | $1,905 | – |
| Owner-occupied homes | 90.2%±5.4 pts | 83.4% | no clear change |
| Renter-occupied homes | 9.8%±5.4 pts | 16.6% | – |
| Housing units | 942±70 | 40,421 | no clear change |
| Homeowner vacancy rate | 2.2%±3.6 pts | 1.1% | – |
| Rental vacancy rate | 0.0%±40.8 pts | 5.0% | – |
| Single-family detached homes | 80.4%±6.3 pts | 77.3% | – |
| Mobile homes | 12.7%±5.3 pts | 6.2% | – |
| Built 2020 or later | 1.3%±1.1 pts | 1.1% | – |
| Built 2010 to 2019 | 6.9%±3.9 pts | 6.2% | – |
| Built 1939 or earlier | 14.5%±4.4 pts | 14.6% | – |
| Households with no vehicle | 2.9%±2.8 pts | 3.1% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP04) · Check it at data.census.gov
How many new homes is Effingham building?
Builders took permits for 13 new housing units in Effingham in 2025 (13 in single-family houses), 7.1 per 1,000 residents against 3.6 across New Hampshire.
Counts of units in permits a local office issued; not every permitted unit is built. A year marked with months was reported for part of the year.
Source: Building Permits Survey, annual place files 2019-2025, U.S. Census Bureau · Census Building Permits Survey
How do people in Effingham work and get to work?
76.0% of Effingham's workers drive alone and 16.1% work from home. The average trip to work takes 31.5 minutes. The unemployment rate in 2020-2024 averaged 5.5%.
| Measure | Effingham | Carroll County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| In the labor force (age 16+) | 64.4%±7.6 pts | 58.5% | – |
| Unemployment rate | 5.5%±3.4 pts | 5.1% | – |
| Drove alone to work | 76.0%±7.9 pts | 73.0% | – |
| Carpooled | 7.6%±4.0 pts | 7.0% | – |
| Public transportation | 0.0%±3.6 pts | 0.4% | – |
| Walked | 0.0%±3.6 pts | 1.8% | – |
| Worked from home | 16.1%±6.4 pts | 16.2% | – |
| Mean travel time to work | 31.5 min±3.4 | 26.6 min | no clear change |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP03) · Check it at data.census.gov
What census tracts are in Effingham?
1 census tract lies mostly in Effingham (2020 census blocks).
| Tract | Residents, 2020-2024 | Median household income |
|---|---|---|
| Tract 9558.01Carroll County | 1,912 | $76,607 |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026); 2020 block assignment files (tract share = share of the tract's census blocks in Effingham) · Census block assignment files
How does Effingham compare with other places in New Hampshire?
By the Census Bureau's July 2025 estimates, Effingham is the 5,210th-most populous of the 16,079 U.S. towns and townships that have one and the 134th-most populous of 221 in New Hampshire.
Effingham ranks 180th of 235 places in New Hampshire with 1,000 or more residents and a reliable estimate, by median household income.
| Measure | Rank | Of |
|---|---|---|
| Population, July 2025 estimate | 134th | 221 |
| Growth 2020-2025 (PEP) | 8th | 187 |
| Residents per square mile | 216th | 241 |
| Median household income | 180th | 235 |
| Per capita income | 196th | 240 |
| Median home value | 151st | 239 |
| Median gross rent | 178th | 221 |
| Poverty rate | 66th | 160 |
| Bachelor's degree or higher | 218th | 239 |
| Median age | 103rd | 239 |
| Owner-occupied share | 64th | 241 |
| Work from home | 99th | 214 |
| Travel time to work | 73rd | 241 |
Effingham's figures with every place in New Hampshire (CSV)
Every place in New Hampshire, sortable · Compare Effingham with other places
Source: PlainCities ranks computed from the American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) and PEP Vintage 2025 · How ranks are computed
How reliable are the figures for Effingham?
17 of the 57 figures for Effingham on this page carry a coefficient of variation over 40% and are marked with a ring: they come from a small sample, so read them as rough.
The American Community Survey samples about one household in eight over five years, so every figure is an estimate with a 90% margin of error (shown under each value). A ring marks an estimate whose coefficient of variation is over 40%. A change is called only when the gap between the two periods is larger than their combined 90% margin (the square root of the sum of the two squared margins), the Census Bureau's test. How to read a margin of error.
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026): margins of error as published · ACS technical documentation
How these figures are made: methodology and release checks · reading a margin of error · every state · corrections
Not on this page: crime, weather and schools for Effingham are other agencies' records. Crime: the FBI's Crime Data Explorer · climate: NOAA's U.S. Climate Normals · schools: the National Center for Education Statistics' school search.