City · Ohio
Columbus, Ohio
Columbus, city, mostly in Franklin County (97.2% of its 2020 residents), with parts in Delaware and Fairfield counties, Ohio. Columbus had 938,396 residents on July 1, 2025 by the Census Bureau's estimate, up 3.6% since 2020; the 2020 Census counted 905,748 and the ACS 2020-2024 5-year estimates put it at 914,802 (±302). GEOID 3918000.
Residents, July 2025 estimate
938,396
Census Bureau estimate (no margin published)
2020 Census count: 905,748 · ACS 2020-2024: 914,802 ±302
Median household income
$66,082
±$974 (90% margin)
Ohio: $71,389
Median home value
$252,900
±$3,295 (90% margin)
Ohio: $214,800
Median gross rent
$1,295
±$10 (90% margin)
Ohio: $1,034
Where is Columbus and what county is it in?
Columbus is a city mostly in Franklin County (97.2% of its 2020 residents), with parts in Delaware and Fairfield counties, Ohio. It covers 221.5 square miles of land, 4,089 residents per square mile in 2020.
Columbus is in the Columbus, OH metropolitan statistical area, which takes in 10 counties (Census Bureau delineation, July 2023).
| County | 2020 residents | Share |
|---|---|---|
| Franklin County | 880,329 | 97.2% |
| Delaware County | 14,570 | 1.6% |
| Fairfield County | 10,849 | 1.2% |
Source: 2024 Gazetteer and 2020 place-by-county files, U.S. Census Bureau · Census reference files
How many people live in Columbus, and is it growing?
The Census Bureau estimates that 938,396 people lived in Columbus on July 1, 2025, up 3.6% since 2020, faster than Ohio (+0.9%). The 2020 Census counted 905,748 residents. The 2020-2024 American Community Survey, a five-year sample, puts the population at 914,802 (±302).
| Measure | Columbus | Franklin County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total population | 914,802 ±302 | 1,333,048 | +36,249 |
| Households | 390,528 ±2,326 | 553,099 | +33,400 |
| Average household size | 2.28 ±0.01 | 2.36 | −0.11 |
| Housing units | 425,182 ±1,906 | 595,469 | +32,509 |
Columbus's population since 2000
From 711,470 in 2000 to 938,396 in 2025: up 31.9%. The 2000, 2010 and 2020 figures are census counts, each for Columbus as it was drawn that year: a place that annexed land, or a community that has since incorporated, covered a different area then. The 2005 figure is the Census Bureau's intercensal estimate, revised to fit the 2000 and 2010 counts and drawn on 2010 boundaries; 2015 and 2025 are July 1 estimates made from the census before them.
Source: The 2000, 2010 and 2020 Census counts and the Census Bureau's population estimates (intercensal 2000-2010, Vintage 2020, Vintage 2025) · Census population estimates
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026); Census PEP Vintage 2025 (SUB-EST2025, CO-EST2025); 2020 Census P.L. 94-171 · Check it at data.census.gov
Who lives in Columbus?
The median resident of Columbus is 33.2 years old; 22.0% are under 18 and 11.3% are 65 or older. The largest group is non-Hispanic white residents at 50.7%, then non-Hispanic Black residents at 29.1%. 15.0% of residents were born outside the United States.
| Measure | Columbus | Franklin County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median age | 33.2 ±0.1 | 34.8 | +1.0 |
| Under 18 years | 22.0% ±0.2 pts | 23.3% | – |
| 65 years and over | 11.3% ±0.2 pts | 13.0% | – |
| Male | 49.2% ±0.2 pts | 49.1% | – |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 8.3% ±0.3 pts | 7.5% | +2.1 pts |
| White alone, not Hispanic | 50.7% ±0.4 pts | 58.0% | −4.4 pts |
| Black or African American alone, not Hispanic | 29.1% ±0.4 pts | 23.1% | no clear change |
| Asian alone, not Hispanic | 5.9% ±0.2 pts | 5.6% | no clear change |
| American Indian and Alaska Native alone, not Hispanic | 0.1% ±0.1 pts | 0.1% | – |
| Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, not Hispanic | 0.0% ±0.1 pts | 0.0% | – |
| Two or more races, not Hispanic | 5.4% ±0.3 pts | 5.2% | – |
| Some other race alone, not Hispanic | 0.6% ±0.1 pts | 0.6% | – |
| Born outside the United States | 15.0% ±0.5 pts | 13.0% | +2.3 pts |
| Speak a language other than English at home (age 5+) | 19.1% ±0.5 pts | 16.7% | – |
| Civilian veterans (age 18+) | 4.8% ±0.3 pts | 5.1% | – |
| With a disability | 12.4% ±0.3 pts | 11.9% | – |
| No health insurance coverage | 10.3% ±0.4 pts | 8.8% | +1.3 pts |
| High school graduate or higher (age 25+) | 89.7% ±0.4 pts | 91.2% | – |
| Bachelor's degree or higher (age 25+) | 38.2% ±0.6 pts | 42.1% | +1.6 pts |
| Graduate or professional degree (age 25+) | 14.1% ±0.4 pts | 16.3% | – |
| Lived in the same house a year earlier | 80.3% ±0.6 pts | 83.1% | – |
| Moved from another state in the past year | 2.9% ±0.3 pts | 2.4% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profiles DP02, DP05) · Check it at data.census.gov
What do households in Columbus earn?
Half of Columbus's 390,528 households earn less than $66,082 a year (±$974), against $75,176 in Franklin County and $71,389 in Ohio. In 2015-2019 it was $66,144 in 2024 dollars; the margins of error cannot tell the two periods apart. 18.1% of residents live below the poverty line.
| Measure | Columbus | Franklin County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median household income | $66,082 ±$974 | $75,176 | no clear change |
| Mean household income | $87,310 ±$1,089 | $104,358 | – |
| Per capita income | $37,860 ±$464 | $43,731 | +$1,774 |
| People below the poverty line | 18.1% ±0.7 pts | 14.7% | −1.4 pts |
| Children under 18 below the poverty line | 26.0% ±1.6 pts | 20.1% | −3.3 pts |
| Households receiving SNAP | 12.9% ±0.5 pts | 10.9% | – |
| Households with a computer | 96.9% ±0.3 pts | 97.1% | – |
| Households with a broadband subscription | 93.6% ±0.4 pts | 94.1% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP03) · Check it at data.census.gov
What does housing cost in Columbus?
Owners occupy 44.1% of Columbus's occupied homes and renters 55.9%. The median owner-occupied home is valued at $252,900 by its owner (±$3,295). The median renter pays $1,295 a month including utilities, and 37.9% of renters pay 35% or more of their income on rent.
| Measure | Columbus | Franklin County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median home value (owner-occupied) | $252,900 ±$3,295 | $288,400 | +$66,327 |
| Median gross rent | $1,295 ±$10 | $1,302 | +$112 |
| Renters paying 35% or more of income on rent | 37.9% ±1.0 pts | 37.6% | +1.7 pts |
| Median monthly owner costs, with a mortgage | $1,599 ±$20 | $1,781 | – |
| Owner-occupied homes | 44.1% ±0.6 pts | 52.8% | no clear change |
| Renter-occupied homes | 55.9% ±0.6 pts | 47.2% | – |
| Housing units | 425,182 ±1,906 | 595,469 | +32,509 |
| Homeowner vacancy rate | 1.0% ±0.2 pts | 0.8% | – |
| Rental vacancy rate | 3.6% ±0.4 pts | 3.8% | – |
| Single-family detached homes | 44.3% ±0.7 pts | 52.0% | – |
| Mobile homes | 0.7% ±0.1 pts | 1.0% | – |
| Built 2020 or later | 1.7% ±0.2 pts | 1.9% | – |
| Built 2010 to 2019 | 10.2% ±0.4 pts | 9.6% | – |
| Built 1939 or earlier | 12.0% ±0.4 pts | 10.9% | – |
| Households with no vehicle | 8.5% ±0.4 pts | 7.4% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP04) · Check it at data.census.gov
How many new homes is Columbus building?
Builders took permits for 9,116 new housing units in Columbus in 2025 (907 in single-family houses), 9.7 per 1,000 residents against 2.8 across Ohio.
Counts of units in permits a local office issued; not every permitted unit is built. A year marked with months was reported for part of the year.
Source: Building Permits Survey, annual place files 2019-2025, U.S. Census Bureau · Census Building Permits Survey
How do people in Columbus work and get to work?
67.7% of Columbus's workers drive alone and 18.3% work from home. The average trip to work takes 21.5 minutes. The unemployment rate in 2020-2024 averaged 5.1%.
| Measure | Columbus | Franklin County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| In the labor force (age 16+) | 70.1% ±0.5 pts | 69.5% | – |
| Unemployment rate | 5.1% ±0.3 pts | 4.6% | no clear change |
| Drove alone to work | 67.7% ±0.6 pts | 68.4% | – |
| Carpooled | 7.8% ±0.4 pts | 7.1% | – |
| Public transportation | 1.9% ±0.2 pts | 1.6% | – |
| Walked | 2.5% ±0.2 pts | 2.1% | – |
| Worked from home | 18.3% ±0.6 pts | 19.3% | +13.9 pts |
| Mean travel time to work | 21.5 min ±0.3 | 21.5 min | −0.5 min |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP03) · Check it at data.census.gov
What census tracts are in Columbus?
222 census tracts lie mostly in Columbus, and 59 more reach into it (2020 census blocks). Their median household incomes run from $21,469 (Tract 50.02) to $133,315 (Tract 1.10).
| Tract | Residents, 2020-2024 | Median household income |
|---|---|---|
| Tract 11.21Franklin County | 10,701 | not published |
| Tract 72.09Franklin County | 9,370 | $101,714 |
| Tract 69.32Franklin County | 7,317 | $70,893 |
| Tract 69.31Franklin County | 7,104 | $65,334 |
| Tract 69.33Franklin County | 6,501 | $40,576 |
| Tract 69.45Franklin County | 7,026 | $46,515 |
| Tract 63.97Franklin County | 6,536 | $67,619 |
| Tract 124Delaware County | 10,876 | $84,569 |
| Tract 63.84Franklin County | 6,070 | $103,511 |
| Tract 63.72Franklin County | 7,214 | $61,347 |
| Tract 47Franklin County | 5,911 | $50,737 |
| Tract 70.48Franklin County | 5,936 | $102,475 |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026); 2020 block assignment files (tract share = share of the tract's census blocks in Columbus) · Census block assignment files
How does Columbus compare with other places in Ohio?
By the Census Bureau's July 2025 estimates, Columbus is the 15th-most populous of the 19,476 U.S. incorporated places that have one and the most populous of 923 in Ohio.
Columbus ranks 1,092nd of 1,699 places in Ohio with 1,000 or more residents and a reliable estimate, by median household income.
| Measure | Rank | Of |
|---|---|---|
| Population, July 2025 estimate | 1st | 923 |
| Growth 2020-2025 (PEP) | 209th | 1,589 |
| Residents per square mile | 36th | 1,734 |
| Median household income | 1,092nd | 1,699 |
| Per capita income | 757th | 1,729 |
| Median home value | 421st | 1,707 |
| Median gross rent | 177th | 1,453 |
| Poverty rate | 234th | 1,116 |
| Bachelor's degree or higher | 250th | 1,613 |
| Median age | 1,609th | 1,727 |
| Owner-occupied share | 1,705th | 1,732 |
| Work from home | 207th | 990 |
| Travel time to work | 1,280th | 1,731 |
Columbus's figures with every place in Ohio (CSV)
Every place in Ohio, sortable · Compare Columbus with other places
Source: PlainCities ranks computed from the American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) and PEP Vintage 2025 · How ranks are computed
How reliable are the figures for Columbus?
2 of the 57 figures for Columbus on this page carry a coefficient of variation over 40% and are marked with a ring: they come from a small sample, so read them as rough.
The American Community Survey samples about one household in eight over five years, so every figure is an estimate with a 90% margin of error (shown under each value). A ring marks an estimate whose coefficient of variation is over 40%. A change is called only when the gap between the two periods is larger than their combined 90% margin (the square root of the sum of the two squared margins), the Census Bureau's test. How to read a margin of error.
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026): margins of error as published · ACS technical documentation
How these figures are made: methodology and release checks · reading a margin of error · every state · corrections
Not on this page: crime, weather and schools for Columbus are other agencies' records. Crime: the FBI's Crime Data Explorer · climate: NOAA's U.S. Climate Normals · schools: the National Center for Education Statistics' public schools in Columbus.