City profile · Ohio · Census ACS 2023

Madeira, OH

Madeira's Census ACS profile: residents, income, housing, and the joined public-record layers available for this place.

9,454
Residents
$168,981
Median income
$463,600
Median home
$1,092
Median rent (state)
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Side-by-side metrics and state or size-class ranks use the same Census and FBI fields shown on this profile. Results stay in the URL so you can bookmark or share them.

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Starting with Madeira, OH - add up to three more cities on the compare page.

See how it ranks

State rank, size-class rank, and four peer cities for Madeira.

Place dossier plate

Sheet OH-MADEIRA-OH · Madeira, OH 9,454 pop · income 96th pct

POP-TOWN · INC-TOP · COL-BELOW · SAFE-TOP · RANK-TOP · PHOTO-FINISH · HOME-HIGH · BOOK-UNK

  • POP-TOWN 9,454
  • INC-TOP $168,981
  • COL-BELOW 92.8
  • SAFE-TOP 90th pct
  • RANK-TOP 96th
  • PHOTO-FINISH ≈ Gainesville
  • HOME-HIGH $463,600
  • BOOK-UNK Tracts pending

Nearest income peer: Gainesville, VA ( $3 income $)

Instrument codes from this place’s ACS population and household income, BEA state COL, FBI safety, national income percentile, photo-finish peer city, home-value band, and matched Census-tract book - not a moving recommendation.

Income neighbourhood around Madeira

Lowest/highest poles plus peers nearest Madeira on median household income. Full ladder: /browse and /rankings.

median HH income

What this shows Neighbourhood peers only - not a full nationwide city board. Open a near peer when the gap is small; open the poles when the spread is wide.

Source U.S. Census Bureau · ACS 5-Year Estimates As of 2026-08-08

Compare beyond this state

Nationwide peers by population, income, and FBI crime rate

Out-of-state nearest neighbors for Madeira on ACS population and median household income , plus FBI UCR reporting rate when the extract covers this place. Link sets are deduped so each column is a distinct comparison path, not a forecast that peers share a labor market or climate.

Similar population

Nearest out-of-state cities by ACS population. This city: 9,454.

4 peers

Similar household income

Nearest out-of-state cities by ACS median household income. This city: $168,981. Population peers are excluded.

4 peers

Similar FBI crime rate

Nearest out-of-state cities by UCR crimes per 100,000. This city: 372.3. Population and income peers are excluded.

4 peers

Agency-reported UCR totals per 100,000 population, not a neighborhood safety grade or a prediction of personal risk.

Madeira - the verdict

Nationally, Madeira sits in the 96th percentile for household income and the 90th percentile for safety among US cities with a population of 1,000 or more. Source: Census ACS + FBI UCR.

96th
percentile, household income
83rd
percentile, home value
22nd
percentile, median rent
90th
percentile, safety
📝 How we sourced this

Population, income, and housing-cost figures come from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 5-year estimates (B-series tables). Crime data uses FBI UCR; climate uses NOAA Climate Normals; school counts come from NCES Common Core of Data; permits use the Census Building Permits Survey (BPS). See our methodology page for the full ETL pipeline and OMB / FIPS join keys.

Data Snapshot: Madeira, OH

9,454 people live in Madeira, Ohio - a small town by U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2023 estimates. The typical household in Madeira brings in $168,981 a year, placing it in the top quartile of U.S. cities for household income, with a poverty rate of 1.6%. Madeira's housing stock carries a median value of $463,600, and the median resident age is 38.0 years. About 71.8% of adults hold a bachelor's degree or higher, while 65.7% of working-age residents are in the labor force.

In 2024, 17 residential building permits were authorized in Madeira (Construction Slowdown), down 37% from five years earlier, per Census BPS data. Madeira reports a comparatively low crime rate: the FBI's Uniform Crime Reporting program logs 372.3 total incidents per 100,000 residents here, below the national average (agency reporting is voluntary, so this measures reporting activity, not a definitive danger score).

Living costs in Ohio run below the national norm: BEA Regional Price Parities 2024 puts Ohio at 92.8 on a 100-equals-national-average scale (Below Average). HUD Fair Market Rent for a typical two-bedroom in this state is $1,092 per month. EIA 2023 residential energy data puts Ohio's average monthly utility costs around $228 (state average). FEMA's National Risk Index rates natural-hazard exposure at 55.0 out of 100 (Moderate).

A decision-led reading path

Useful questions to ask of Madeira's data

How this reading path is ordered

This is not a composite city score. It is a city-specific route through the available public records, ordered for this profile so the page starts with questions the joined data can actually answer. The route here runs from reported crime to comparison shortlist to schools and households to work and mobility to population change to housing and income; another city can have a different sequence or fewer supported layers because the source joins are not uniform.

For Madeira, city-specific coverage includes annual population history, commute-mode shares, matched public-school count, local building permits, FBI reported-crime rates. No matched row is reported here for within-city Census tract profiles; the page leaves those layers out instead of substituting a statewide or national value.

Question 1

What can the FBI record say about safety in Madeira?

The joined FBI UCR record reports 372.3 violent and property crimes per 100,000 residents, below the 2280.5 national reference used here. The difference is 84% lower in arithmetic terms, but agency participation is voluntary and reporting completeness varies.

Treat this as a reporting-rate comparison, not a prediction of personal risk or a neighborhood-level safety grade. Tourism, daytime population, reporting practices, and variation inside the city are not adjusted away. The state rank and same-state peer table are the narrower comparisons available on this page.

Review the safety ranking method →

2. Comparison shortlist

Which cities make useful reference points for Madeira?

Use the in-state set to hold state policy and broad price conditions more nearly constant. Use the nationwide size set to ask whether cities with a similar resident count produce different housing, income, or commute outcomes. The income set is a third lens, deliberately separate from population matching. The nationwide peer panel below adds a fourth FBI UCR reporting-rate lens, not personal risk.

Within Ohio, the closest population matches are Beckett Ridge (9,451 residents, $120,179 income); Oakwood (9,480 residents, $158,968 income); Girard (9,521 residents, $42,861 income). Outside the state, the closest population matches in this dataset are Halls, TN (9,455 residents); Monmouth Junction, NJ (9,457 residents); Jacinto City, TX (9,458 residents). A third, income-matched reference set of 6 out-of-state cities sits in the income neighbourhood chart near the Place Dossier plate. These are mechanical peer sets, not claims that the places share a labor market, climate, culture, or metro context.

Open a side-by-side comparison →

3. Schools and households

What does the education layer cover for Madeira?

The matched institution count is small, so district boundaries and schools outside the city line may matter more than the municipal count suggests. Use the number as a coverage cue, then verify attendance zones with the district before making a household decision.

The NCES join finds 1 public school within the city match. 71.8% of adults age 25+ hold a bachelor's degree or higher in the ACS estimate. These measures answer different questions: the school count describes local institutions, while adult attainment describes residents and cannot be used as a school-quality rating.

See how the family ranking is built →

Question 4

What does the journey to work look like in Madeira?

Driving alone is the largest reported mode at 69.5%. A reliable mean commute time is not available for this row, so the mode shares carry the comparison.

Mode share answers how workers usually travel; it does not measure congestion, reliability, distance to a particular job, or the quality of transit service. Remote work has a visible role in the local pattern. That can reduce commute exposure for some workers, but it says nothing about job availability or broadband quality; read it alongside income and housing rather than as a stand-alone lifestyle score.

Compare commute patterns →

Other supported questions

Why these stay compact

These joined records add useful context, but they do not need another full-size panel. Each remains a separate measure with its own geography and source boundary.

Population change

Is Madeira growing, shrinking, or holding steady?

Census PEP estimates show the population grew by +140 residents from 2020 to 2025, a +1.5% change. Separately, Census BPS recorded 17 housing units authorized in 2024. PEP and ACS are different Census series, so the trend is kept separate from the headline ACS population.

Recent estimates point upward. Growth can increase housing demand and service needs, but the permit record must move in the same direction before calling it a supply response; the two series measure different things.

2020 estimate
9,497
2025 estimate
9,637
Period change
+1.5%

Census Population Estimates Program, 2020–2025; permit context uses Census BPS.

See the national growth ranking →

Housing and income

How far does income reach against housing in Madeira?

This is a citywide price-to-income reference, not a mortgage-affordability test; it does not include interest rates, taxes, insurance, household size, or an individual buyer's down payment. Income and home value move within the same broad scale here. The useful next check is not a generic affordability label, but whether similar-size cities offer a materially different income, housing, or commute trade-off.

The home-value-to-income reference sits in a middle range: the ACS median home value is 2.7 times median household income. The ACS poverty estimate is 1.6%, which keeps the citywide median from describing every household.

Value / income
2.7×
Home value
$463,600
Household income
$168,981

City-level Census ACS 2023 medians. The ratio divides two separate medians and is descriptive only.

Compare the housing trade-off →

Population

9,454 residents

Micro place (under 10k)

Median Household Income

$168,981 /yr

Top-decile income · poverty 1.6% (Low poverty)

Cost of Living Index (state)

92.8 (US=100)

Affordable · BEA RPP 2024, Ohio average

City profile score · Madeira, OH

92/100

5 published dimensions · ACS/FBI 2023

Comparative score against U.S. cities with population of 1,000 or more on Census ACS medians (income, poverty, bachelor's share, cost of living) and FBI UCR violent-crime rates when published. Higher means a stronger standing on those published figures, not a livability rating, not a recommendation to move, buy, or pick a "best" city. Missing inputs drop out and redistribute weight. How it is calculated.

Household income A+
$168,981

Median household income vs U.S. cities (pop ≥1,000); ACS.

Bachelor's+ share A+
71.8%

Adults with a bachelor's degree or higher; ACS.

Violent crime A+
0 /100k

FBI UCR violent offenses per 100,000 residents; lower is stronger on this axis.

Poverty rate A
1.6%

Share of residents below the poverty line; lower scores better on this axis.

Cost of living B+
92.8 index

BEA state Regional Price Parities index (100 ≈ national average); lower is stronger on this axis. Same value for every city in the state.

Madeira profile (scored ACS/FBI dimensions) 5-axis radar comparing 1 series across Household income, Bachelor's+ share, Violent crime, Poverty rate, Cost of living. Household incomeBachelor's+ shareViolent crimePoverty rateCost of living 92 A+
Madeira profile (scored ACS/FBI dimensions)
Read the chart values
  • Household income: 100/100 (A+) · $168,981
  • Bachelor's+ share: 99/100 (A+) · 71.8%
  • Violent crime: 97/100 (A+) · 0 /100k
  • Poverty rate: 89/100 (A) · 1.6%
  • Cost of living: 75/100 (B+) · 92.8 index

Where Madeira sits on home value vs crime among peer cities

Madeira's median home value and FBI crime rate plotted with similar-size and same-state peers (padded with large cities when the peer set is thin). The second read: pricey does not always mean safer, check which quadrant this city lands in.

Census ACS median home value vs FBI UCR crime rate - Madeira highlighted among 27 peers. 2×2 strategic matrix plotting 27 entities by Median home value ($) (X) and Crime rate (per 100k, lower = safer) (Y), with a crosshair dividing the plot into four quadrants. Pricier, lower crimeAffordable, lower crimePricier, higher crimeAffordable, higher crime $0$500,000$1,000,000$1,500,000 02,0004,0006,0008,000 Median home value ($) Crime rate (per 100k, lower = safer)
Census ACS median home value vs FBI UCR crime rate - Madeira highlighted among 27 peers.
Read the chart values
  • Madeira, OH (this city): home $463,600, crime 372/100k
  • Halls, TN : home $275,900, crime 1,522/100k
  • Jacinto City, TX : home $121,100, crime 2,545/100k
  • Steger, IL : home $134,100, crime 2,078/100k
  • Girard, OH : home $105,700, crime 1,622/100k
  • Louisville, OH : home $192,700, crime 850/100k
  • North College Hill, OH : home $125,200, crime 4,085/100k
  • New York, NY : home $751,700, crime 3,039/100k
  • Los Angeles, CA : home $879,500, crime 2,212/100k
  • Chicago, IL : home $315,200, crime 4,012/100k
  • Houston, TX : home $253,400, crime 5,442/100k
  • Phoenix, AZ : home $381,900, crime 3,125/100k
  • Philadelphia, PA : home $232,400, crime 5,457/100k
  • San Antonio, TX : home $219,700, crime 5,218/100k
  • San Diego, CA : home $848,500, crime 2,082/100k
  • Dallas, TX : home $295,300, crime 4,010/100k
  • San Jose, CA : home $1,187,800, crime 3,195/100k
  • Austin, TX : home $512,700, crime 3,709/100k
  • Fort Worth, TX : home $277,300, crime 3,158/100k
  • Columbus, OH : home $234,500, crime 3,088/100k
  • Indianapolis, IN : home $207,000, crime 4,214/100k
  • San Francisco, CA : home $1,380,500, crime 4,526/100k
  • Seattle, WA : home $912,100, crime 5,783/100k
  • Denver, CO : home $586,700, crime 5,755/100k
  • Oklahoma City, OK : home $215,100, crime 3,570/100k
  • El Paso, TX : home $171,700, crime 1,772/100k
  • Washington, DC : home $724,600, crime 4,514/100k

How does Madeira compare to other US cities?

Where Madeira sits among all US cities (population 1,000+) on each measure, computed live from Census and FBI data.

Household income 96% higher than other cities
Home value 83% pricier than other cities
Median rent 22% pricier than other cities
Safety 90% safer than other cities

"Safer than" reflects total crime rate from FBI UCR; the others use Census ACS estimates.

A national percentile can hide a lot of local variation: narrowed to Ohio alone, Madeira ranks #27 of 281 Ohio cities by lowest crime rate - a different, more locally useful comparison than stacking it against the entire country.

How we calculate these percentiles & ranks

Each percentile compares Madeira against every qualifying US city; each in-state rank narrows that to Ohio only. Full formula and direction notes: methodology.

Ohio-relative analysis

Median Gross Rent places Madeira near the bottom of Ohio's cities

Among the 1,196 Ohio cities PlainCities tracks with reported median gross rent data, Madeira ranks #1 - the 0th percentile within the state. This is a different, narrower cut than the nationwide percentiles above: it compares Madeira only against its own state's cities, not the full US field.

Median Household Income
#21 of 1,145
98th percentile in Ohio
Median Gross Rent
#1 of 1,196
0th percentile in Ohio
Median Home Value
#33 of 1,164
97th percentile in Ohio
Poverty Rate
#970 of 1,196
18th percentile in Ohio
Bachelor's Degree or Higher
#31 of 1,196
97th percentile in Ohio
How in-state ranks are ordered

Ranked by raw value (highest first); a higher rank is not automatically "better" for every measure, see each metric's own context above. This is a comparison within Ohio only, not a livability score. See the methodology for the source and calculation.

96thIncome percentile
90thSafety percentile
Gauge source note

96th percentile nationally for median household income · 90th percentile for safety (lower crime rate). Source: Census ACS 2023 / FBI UCR 2023.

Madeira's profile vs. every US city

Income, affordability, and safety percentile

Madeira's percentile rank on 3 favorable-direction measures (income, affordability, safety) vs. every tracked US city -- higher on every axis is more favorable. Not a composite quality score, just the arithmetic mean of the axes shown. 3-axis radar comparing 1 series across Income, Affordability, Safety. IncomeAffordabilitySafety 78 Avg. percentile National median
Madeira's percentile rank on 3 favorable-direction measures (income, affordability, safety) vs. every tracked US city -- higher on every axis is more favorable. Not a composite quality score, just the arithmetic mean of the axes shown.

How Madeira's home value compares nationally

Median home value vs. every US city (population 1,000+)

$463,600 17th percentile more affordable than 17% of 15,600 US cities

Show national distribution $0–$25,000: 5 US cities (0%). Below this entry. $25,000–$50,000: 54 US cities (0%). Below this entry. $50,000–$75,000: 352 US cities (2%). Below this entry. $75,000–$100,000: 1,086 US cities (7%). Below this entry. $100,000–$125,000: 1,516 US cities (10%). Below this entry. $125,000–$150,000: 1,170 US cities (8%). Below this entry. $150,000–$175,000: 1,278 US cities (8%). Below this entry. $175,000–$200,000: 1,229 US cities (8%). Below this entry. $200,000–$225,000: 1,035 US cities (7%). Below this entry. $225,000–$250,000: 976 US cities (6%). Below this entry. $250,000–$275,000: 754 US cities (5%). Below this entry. $275,000–$300,000: 712 US cities (5%). Below this entry. $300,000–$325,000: 521 US cities (3%). Below this entry. $325,000–$350,000: 526 US cities (3%). Below this entry. $350,000–$375,000: 465 US cities (3%). Below this entry. $375,000–$400,000: 393 US cities (3%). Below this entry. $400,000–$425,000: 317 US cities (2%). Below this entry. $425,000–$450,000: 300 US cities (2%). Below this entry. $450,000–$475,000: 307 US cities (2%). This entry sits in this band. $475,000–$500,000: 250 US cities (2%). Above this entry. $500,000–$525,000: 160 US cities (1%). Above this entry. $525,000–$550,000: 156 US cities (1%). Above this entry. $550,000–$575,000: 172 US cities (1%). Above this entry. $575,000–$600,000: 172 US cities (1%). Above this entry. $600,000–$625,000: 163 US cities (1%). Above this entry. $625,000–$650,000: 167 US cities (1%). Above this entry. $650,000–$675,000: 135 US cities (1%). Above this entry. $675,000–$700,000: 101 US cities (1%). Above this entry. $700,000–$725,000: 95 US cities (1%). Above this entry. $725,000–$750,000: 71 US cities (0%). Above this entry. $750,000–$775,000: 65 US cities (0%). Above this entry. $775,000–$800,000: 70 US cities (0%). Above this entry. $800,000–$825,000: 57 US cities (0%). Above this entry. $825,000–$850,000: 67 US cities (0%). Above this entry. $850,000–$875,000: 60 US cities (0%). Above this entry. $875,000–$900,000: 58 US cities (0%). Above this entry. $900,000–$925,000: 47 US cities (0%). Above this entry. $925,000–$950,000: 37 US cities (0%). Above this entry. $950,000–$975,000: 31 US cities (0%). Above this entry. $975,000–$1,000,000: 470 US cities (3%). Above this entry. $1,000,000–$1,025,000: 0 US cities (0%). Above this entry. Madeira $0 $1,025,000 every US city, bucketed by value

Each bar is a $25K-wide band; taller bars hold more US cities. The dashed line + filled bar mark this entry. Hover or tap any bar for its full count, share, and where it sits relative to this entry.

Source U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates · 2023

Madeira's home-value-to-income ratio: 2.7×

ACS median home value divided by median household income.

Band
affordable
< 3.0×
National rank
#5,275 of 15,516
More affordable than 66% of tracked cities (pop. 1,000+)
Size class
#4,602 of 11,323
Micro cities (under 10,000)

At 2.7×, Madeira sits in the affordable band: national rank #5,275 of 15,516 and #4,602 of 11,323micro cities (under 10,000). The multiple is comparatively compact among tracked cities, but a low ratio can still coexist with slow demand or household-level hardship.

How this ratio is calculated

Ratio = Census ACS 2023 median home value ÷ median household income for cities with both fields and population ≥ 1,000. Rank 1 = lowest ratio (most compact). Bands match the fleet affordability thresholds used on guides (<3.0 / 3.0–5.0 / >5.0). This is not a mortgage payment estimate and does not include rates, taxes, insurance, or down payment.

Income distribution context

$168,981 Madeira, OH median household income (Census ACS)

Show U.S. national quintile / Lorenz context Household income distribution - Madeira, OH Madeira, OH's median household income ($168,981) against the U.S. national quintile-share pattern. The Lorenz curve and quintile bars are national context, not Madeira, OH-specific shares. $ Household Income Distribution Madeira, OH median $168,981/yr, vs. U.S. national quintile pattern QUINTILE SHARE OF AGGREGATE INCOME Lowest 20% 3.4% Second 20% 9.2% Middle 20% 15.1% Fourth 20% 23.2% Top 20% 49.1% LORENZ CURVE cumulative income vs. population 100% 0% 100% pop. 0%
Madeira, OH median household income (Census ACS 5-year) with U.S. national quintile shares for context. Diagonal = equality; the curve is national, not computed for Madeira, OH.

Key socioeconomic indicators

Bachelor's degree or higher (adults 25+) 71.8%

Census ACS S1501, educational attainment

Poverty rate (households below FPL) 1.6%

Census ACS S1701, poverty status

Labor force participation (adults 16+) 65.7%

Census ACS S2301, share of working-age residents in the labor force

Population
9,454
Median Income
$168,981
Median Home Value
$463,600
Median Age
38.0
Poverty Rate
1.6%
Labor force participation
65.7%
Bachelor's Degree+
71.8%

Safety & Crime

Total Crime Rate
372.3
per 100,000 residents
Violent Crime
0.0
per 100,000 residents
Property Crime
372.3
per 100,000 residents
Crime reporting caveat

Reflects incidents reported to the FBI's Uniform Crime Reporting program — agency participation is voluntary and reporting completeness varies by jurisdiction and year, so this reflects reporting activity, not a definitive danger score. Not adjusted for tourism, commuter, or daytime population.

Schools

Total Schools
1
Public schools in this city

Population Change

PEP vintage

Annual U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates Program (PEP) estimates, 2020–2025

See the fastest-growing cities →
9,400 residents9,500 residents9,600 residents9,700 residents 202020212022202320242025 9,497 residents 9,637 residents ▲ +1.5%
Madeira's Census PEP population estimates, 2020–2025.
Read the chart as text
Period Population
2020 9,497 residents
2021 9,459 residents
2022 9,438 residents
2023 9,512 residents
2024 9,599 residents
2025 9,637 residents

Housing Supply

BPS source

Census Bureau Building Permits Survey (BPS) - annual residential permits authorized

📉 Construction Slowdown
Total Permits (2024)
17
housing units authorized
Single-Family
17
detached homes
Multifamily
0
apartments & condos
Supply Intensity
1.8
permits per 1,000 residents

5-Year Permit Trend (2019–2024)

Year Total
2019 27
2020 18
2021 17
2022 12
2023 13
2024 17

Permit volume decreased 37% from 2019 to 2024.

Commute Patterns

Commute source

How workers travel to work, Census ACS 2023

Drive Alone
69.5%
Carpool
2.1%
Public Transit
0.0%
Walk
0.6%
Work from Home
27.8%

Based on 4,431 workers 16 and over.

Monthly Utility Costs

Ohio statewide monthly utility average (EIA 2023): $228

EIA 2023 residential energy data puts average monthly utilities across Ohio at $228 (electricity about $105 , water and sewer about $45 ).

These are Ohio statewide averages, not a meter reading for Madeira. Actual bills vary by home size, usage, and local rates. Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) 2023.

Living Costs & Risk

Ohio's BEA cost-of-living index is 92.8 (Below Average; US average = 100, RPP 2024). HUD Fair Market Rent for a typical two-bedroom in the county around Madeira is $1,092/mo. FEMA's National Risk Index, averaged to Ohio statewide on PlainCities, rates natural-hazard exposure at 55.0 / 100 (Moderate).

Cost/risk geography note

Cost of living is a Ohio statewide BEA average; rent is a county-level HUD Fair Market Rent for the county Madeira sits in; the FEMA hazard score shown here is a statewide average of county NRI inputs, not a parcel-level reading.

How Madeira compares to similar-size Ohio cities

Same-state peer method

Closest same-state population matches, not geographic neighbors. Population + median household income come from Census Bureau ACS 5-year B01001 and B19013.

City Population Median Household Income
Madeira (this city) 9,454 $168,981
Beckett Ridge 9,451 $120,179
Oakwood 9,480 $158,968
Girard 9,521 $42,861
FBI UCR NCES CCD Census BPS 2024
Primary sources on this page

Source: U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year 2023, FBI UCR, NCES CCD, Census BPS 2024, Census ACS B08301/B08136, U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) 2023, BEA Regional Price Parities 2024, HUD Fair Market Rents 2026, FEMA National Risk Index.

Citation & verification links Data sourced from the U.S. Census Bureau. See our methodology for details. Retrieved and formatted by PlainCities

Primary sources: Census ACS, FBI UCR, NOAA Climate Normals, NCES. Joins use OMB Bulletin 23-01 / FIPS keys.

Browse all city profiles → · Explore city rankings →

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Estimate caveats

ACS and UCR figures are citywide estimates with vintage lags; they do not replace a local visit, school visit, or insurance quote.

Editorial standards, provenance, and how to cite this page

Every figure on PlainCities is rendered directly from Census ACS source data, no number is typed in by an editor. This page draws directly on Census ACS source data, no figure is typed in by an editor. See our editorial standards & corrections policy, the methodology behind these numbers, or report a data error.

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