Town · Virginia
Kilmarnock, Virginia
Kilmarnock, town, mostly in Lancaster County (95.0% of its 2020 residents), with a part in Northumberland County, Virginia. Kilmarnock had 1,457 residents on July 1, 2025 by the Census Bureau's estimate, up 0.9% since 2020; the 2020 Census counted 1,445 and the ACS 2020-2024 5-year estimates put it at 1,333 (±272). GEOID 5142424.
Residents, July 2025 estimate
1,457
Census Bureau estimate (no margin published)
2020 Census count: 1,445 · ACS 2020-2024: 1,333 ±272
Median household income
$40,234
±$11,846 (90% margin)
Virginia: $93,170
Median home value
$282,400
±$35,787 (90% margin)
Virginia: $383,700
Median gross rent
$630
±$372 (90% margin)
Virginia: $1,579
Where is Kilmarnock and what county is it in?
Kilmarnock is a town mostly in Lancaster County (95.0% of its 2020 residents), with a part in Northumberland County, Virginia. It covers 3.4 square miles of land, 424 residents per square mile in 2020.
| County | 2020 residents | Share |
|---|---|---|
| Lancaster County | 1,372 | 95.0% |
| Northumberland County | 73 | 5.1% |
Source: 2024 Gazetteer and 2020 place-by-county files, U.S. Census Bureau · Census reference files
How many people live in Kilmarnock, and is it growing?
The Census Bureau estimates that 1,457 people lived in Kilmarnock on July 1, 2025, up 0.9% since 2020, slower than Virginia (+2.9%). The 2020 Census counted 1,445 residents. The 2020-2024 American Community Survey, a five-year sample, puts the population at 1,333 (±272).
| Measure | Kilmarnock | Lancaster County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total population | 1,333 ±272 | 10,936 | no clear change |
| Households | 677 ±146 | 5,701 | no clear change |
| Average household size | 1.71 ±0.24 | 1.87 | no clear change |
| Housing units | 787 ±146 | 7,496 | no clear change |
Kilmarnock's population since 2000
From 1,244 in 2000 to 1,457 in 2025: up 17.1%. The 2000, 2010 and 2020 figures are census counts, each for Kilmarnock as it was drawn that year: a place that annexed land, or a community that has since incorporated, covered a different area then. The 2005 figure is the Census Bureau's intercensal estimate, revised to fit the 2000 and 2010 counts and drawn on 2010 boundaries; 2015 and 2025 are July 1 estimates made from the census before them.
Source: The 2000, 2010 and 2020 Census counts and the Census Bureau's population estimates (intercensal 2000-2010, Vintage 2020, Vintage 2025) · Census population estimates
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026); Census PEP Vintage 2025 (SUB-EST2025, CO-EST2025); 2020 Census P.L. 94-171 · Check it at data.census.gov
Who lives in Kilmarnock?
The median resident of Kilmarnock is 62.9 years old; 17.5% are under 18 and 45.7% are 65 or older. The largest group is non-Hispanic white residents at 66.2%, then non-Hispanic Black residents at 31.9%.
| Measure | Kilmarnock | Lancaster County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median age | 62.9 ±9.3 | 58.2 | +12.7 |
| Under 18 years | 17.5% ±7.3 pts | 14.5% | – |
| 65 years and over | 45.7% ±8.9 pts | 39.9% | – |
| Male | 46.4% ±7.3 pts | 47.8% | – |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 0.1% ±0.2 pts | 1.8% | – |
| White alone, not Hispanic | 66.2% ±11.4 pts | 67.4% | +14.9 pts |
| Black or African American alone, not Hispanic | 31.9% ±11.6 pts | 25.5% | no clear change |
| Asian alone, not Hispanic | 1.2% ±1.2 pts | 0.6% | – |
| American Indian and Alaska Native alone, not Hispanic | 0.0% ±3.0 pts | 0.0% | – |
| Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, not Hispanic | 0.0% ±3.0 pts | 0.0% | – |
| Two or more races, not Hispanic | 0.7% ±0.8 pts | 4.1% | – |
| Some other race alone, not Hispanic | 0.0% ±3.0 pts | 0.5% | – |
| Born outside the United States | 4.4% ±4.7 pts | 4.0% | – |
| Speak a language other than English at home (age 5+) | 6.3% ±6.4 pts | 3.4% | – |
| Civilian veterans (age 18+) | 11.3% ±6.3 pts | 11.4% | – |
| With a disability | 21.3% ±6.9 pts | 18.5% | – |
| No health insurance coverage | 5.0% ±3.0 pts | 6.5% | – |
| High school graduate or higher (age 25+) | 82.1% ±9.3 pts | 87.1% | – |
| Bachelor's degree or higher (age 25+) | 25.2% ±7.2 pts | 41.3% | no clear change |
| Graduate or professional degree (age 25+) | 7.7% ±3.3 pts | 17.3% | – |
| Lived in the same house a year earlier | 86.9% ±7.4 pts | 92.7% | – |
| Moved from another state in the past year | 2.7% ±3.0 pts | 1.3% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profiles DP02, DP05) · Check it at data.census.gov
What do households in Kilmarnock earn?
Half of Kilmarnock's 677 households earn less than $40,234 a year (±$11,846), against $69,713 in Lancaster County and $93,170 in Virginia. In 2015-2019 it was $45,174 in 2024 dollars; the margins of error cannot tell the two periods apart. 23.1% of residents live below the poverty line.
| Measure | Kilmarnock | Lancaster County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median household income | $40,234 ±$11,846 | $69,713 | no clear change |
| Mean household income | $57,904 ±$10,139 | $102,227 | – |
| Per capita income | $30,383 ±$5,514 | $51,443 | no clear change |
| People below the poverty line | 23.1% ±9.9 pts | 10.3% | no clear change |
| Children under 18 below the poverty line | 51.3% ±29.1 pts | 20.3% | no clear change |
| Households receiving SNAP | 21.6% ±8.6 pts | 9.9% | – |
| Households with a computer | 79.2% ±8.3 pts | 85.3% | – |
| Households with a broadband subscription | 73.7% ±9.1 pts | 78.5% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP03) · Check it at data.census.gov
What does housing cost in Kilmarnock?
Owners occupy 58.1% of Kilmarnock's occupied homes and renters 41.9%. The median owner-occupied home is valued at $282,400 by its owner (±$35,787). The median renter pays $630 a month including utilities, and 44.9% of renters pay 35% or more of their income on rent.
| Measure | Kilmarnock | Lancaster County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median home value (owner-occupied) | $282,400 ±$35,787 | $327,000 | no clear change |
| Median gross rent | $630 ±$372 | $1,033 | no clear change |
| Renters paying 35% or more of income on rent | 44.9% ±18.0 pts | 27.3% | no clear change |
| Median monthly owner costs, with a mortgage | $1,473 ±$133 | $1,495 | – |
| Owner-occupied homes | 58.1% ±9.7 pts | 81.5% | no clear change |
| Renter-occupied homes | 41.9% ±9.7 pts | 18.5% | – |
| Housing units | 787 ±146 | 7,496 | no clear change |
| Homeowner vacancy rate | 4.6% ±5.1 pts | 1.7% | – |
| Rental vacancy rate | 12.6% ±9.9 pts | 8.5% | – |
| Single-family detached homes | 61.2% ±8.9 pts | 84.7% | – |
| Mobile homes | 0.0% ±5.0 pts | 4.1% | – |
| Built 2020 or later | 0.5% ±0.8 pts | 0.2% | – |
| Built 2010 to 2019 | 11.1% ±7.8 pts | 8.3% | – |
| Built 1939 or earlier | 3.4% ±3.2 pts | 8.6% | – |
| Households with no vehicle | 13.1% ±7.3 pts | 4.4% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP04) · Check it at data.census.gov
How do people in Kilmarnock work and get to work?
77.8% of Kilmarnock's workers drive alone. The average trip to work takes 13.5 minutes.
| Measure | Kilmarnock | Lancaster County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| In the labor force (age 16+) | 39.7% ±7.6 pts | 46.8% | – |
| Unemployment rate | 2.8% ±4.6 pts | 9.5% | – |
| Drove alone to work | 77.8% ±8.8 pts | 78.5% | – |
| Carpooled | 8.1% ±8.2 pts | 4.1% | – |
| Public transportation | 0.7% ±1.0 pts | 0.4% | – |
| Walked | 0.7% ±1.0 pts | 0.7% | – |
| Worked from home | 12.0% ±8.1 pts | 14.8% | – |
| Mean travel time to work | 13.5 min ±2.5 | 27.5 min | −5.1 min |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP03) · Check it at data.census.gov
What census tracts are in Kilmarnock?
No census tract lies mostly in Kilmarnock; 2 tracts reach into it (2020 census blocks).
| Tract | Residents, 2020-2024 | Median household income |
|---|---|---|
| Tract 302Lancaster County | 3,745 | $68,955 |
| Tract 203.02Northumberland County | 3,078 | $76,635 |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026); 2020 block assignment files (tract share = share of the tract's census blocks in Kilmarnock) · Census block assignment files
How does Kilmarnock compare with other places in Virginia?
By the Census Bureau's July 2025 estimates, Kilmarnock is the 8,835th-most populous of the 19,476 U.S. incorporated places that have one and the 113th-most populous of 227 in Virginia.
Kilmarnock ranks 354th of 365 places in Virginia with 1,000 or more residents and a reliable estimate, by median household income.
| Measure | Rank | Of |
|---|---|---|
| Population, July 2025 estimate | 113th | 227 |
| Growth 2020-2025 (PEP) | 61st | 139 |
| Residents per square mile | 322nd | 374 |
| Median household income | 354th | 365 |
| Per capita income | 297th | 374 |
| Median home value | 217th | 359 |
| Median gross rent | 333rd | 341 |
| Poverty rate | 28th | 263 |
| Bachelor's degree or higher | 256th | 359 |
| Median age | 1st | 372 |
| Owner-occupied share | 276th | 368 |
| Travel time to work | 367th | 372 |
Kilmarnock's figures with every place in Virginia (CSV)
Every place in Virginia, sortable · Compare Kilmarnock with other places
Source: PlainCities ranks computed from the American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) and PEP Vintage 2025 · How ranks are computed
How reliable are the figures for Kilmarnock?
20 of the 57 figures for Kilmarnock on this page carry a coefficient of variation over 40% and are marked with a ring: they come from a small sample, so read them as rough.
The American Community Survey samples about one household in eight over five years, so every figure is an estimate with a 90% margin of error (shown under each value). A ring marks an estimate whose coefficient of variation is over 40%. A change is called only when the gap between the two periods is larger than their combined 90% margin (the square root of the sum of the two squared margins), the Census Bureau's test. How to read a margin of error.
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026): margins of error as published · ACS technical documentation
How these figures are made: methodology and release checks · reading a margin of error · every state · corrections
Not on this page: crime, weather and schools for Kilmarnock are other agencies' records. Crime: the FBI's Crime Data Explorer · climate: NOAA's U.S. Climate Normals · schools: the National Center for Education Statistics' public schools in Kilmarnock.