Town · Connecticut
Madison, Connecticut
Madison, town, in South Central Connecticut Planning Region, Connecticut. Madison had 17,734 residents on July 1, 2025 by the Census Bureau's estimate, up 0.3% since 2020; the 2020 Census counted 17,691 and the ACS 2020-2024 5-year estimates put it at 17,616 (±30). GEOID 0917044560.
Residents, July 2025 estimate
17,734
Census Bureau estimate (no margin published)
2020 Census count: 17,691 · ACS 2020-2024: 17,616 ±30
Median household income
$167,442
±$16,036 (90% margin)
Connecticut: $95,781
Median home value
$583,900
±$30,116 (90% margin)
Connecticut: $366,900
Median gross rent
$2,025
±$741 (90% margin)
Connecticut: $1,488
Where is Madison and what county is it in?
Madison is a town in South Central Connecticut Planning Region, Connecticut. It covers 36.1 square miles of land, 489 residents per square mile in 2020.
One place lies inside Madison: Madison Center (CDP, 2,250 in 2020).
Madison is in the New Haven, CT metropolitan statistical area (Census Bureau delineation, July 2023).
Source: 2024 Gazetteer and 2020 place-by-county files, U.S. Census Bureau · Census reference files
How many people live in Madison, and is it growing?
The Census Bureau estimates that 17,734 people lived in Madison on July 1, 2025, up 0.3% since 2020, slower than Connecticut (+2.2%). The 2020 Census counted 17,691 residents. The 2020-2024 American Community Survey, a five-year sample, puts the population at 17,616 (±30).
| Measure | Madison | South Central Connecticut Planning Region | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total population | 17,616±30 | 570,598 | – |
| Households | 7,006±270 | 230,673 | – |
| Average household size | 2.48±0.10 | 2.38 | – |
| Housing units | 7,949±352 | 248,267 | – |
Madison's population since 2000
From 17,858 in 2000 to 17,734 in 2025: down 0.7%. The 2000, 2010 and 2020 figures are census counts, each for Madison as it was drawn that year: a place that annexed land, or a community that has since incorporated, covered a different area then. The 2005 figure is the Census Bureau's intercensal estimate, revised to fit the 2000 and 2010 counts and drawn on 2010 boundaries; 2015 and 2025 are July 1 estimates made from the census before them.
Source: The 2000, 2010 and 2020 Census counts and the Census Bureau's population estimates (intercensal 2000-2010, Vintage 2020, Vintage 2025) · Census population estimates
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026); Census PEP Vintage 2025 (SUB-EST2025, CO-EST2025); 2020 Census P.L. 94-171 · Check it at data.census.gov
Who lives in Madison?
The median resident of Madison is 51.9 years old; 18.1% are under 18 and 25.2% are 65 or older. The largest group is non-Hispanic white residents at 84.5%, then non-Hispanic Asian residents at 5.1%. 9.3% of residents were born outside the United States.
| Measure | Madison | South Central Connecticut Planning Region | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median age | 51.9±1.9 | 40.2 | – |
| Under 18 years | 18.1%±2.0 pts | 19.6% | – |
| 65 years and over | 25.2%±2.4 pts | 18.6% | – |
| Male | 50.7%±2.3 pts | 48.3% | – |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 4.3%±1.9 pts | 19.5% | – |
| White alone, not Hispanic | 84.5%±2.7 pts | 58.5% | – |
| Black or African American alone, not Hispanic | 0.8%±0.5 pts | 13.0% | – |
| Asian alone, not Hispanic | 5.1%±2.0 pts | 4.5% | – |
| American Indian and Alaska Native alone, not Hispanic | 0.3%±0.4 pts | 0.1% | – |
| Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, not Hispanic | 0.0%±0.2 pts | 0.0% | – |
| Two or more races, not Hispanic | 4.2%±1.4 pts | 3.5% | – |
| Some other race alone, not Hispanic | 0.8%±0.5 pts | 0.8% | – |
| Born outside the United States | 9.3%±2.0 pts | 13.7% | – |
| Speak a language other than English at home (age 5+) | 8.5%±2.2 pts | 22.3% | – |
| Civilian veterans (age 18+) | 5.4%±1.5 pts | 4.5% | – |
| With a disability | 8.2%±1.8 pts | 11.9% | – |
| No health insurance coverage | 0.7%±0.5 pts | 4.9% | – |
| High school graduate or higher (age 25+) | 98.5%±0.8 pts | 92.1% | – |
| Bachelor's degree or higher (age 25+) | 72.4%±2.9 pts | 42.0% | – |
| Graduate or professional degree (age 25+) | 34.7%±3.1 pts | 20.3% | – |
| Lived in the same house a year earlier | 92.3%±2.1 pts | 87.8% | – |
| Moved from another state in the past year | 2.9%±1.6 pts | 2.8% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profiles DP02, DP05) · Check it at data.census.gov
What do households in Madison earn?
Half of Madison's 7,006 households earn less than $167,442 a year (±$16,036), against $88,197 in South Central Connecticut Planning Region and $95,781 in Connecticut. 3.6% of residents live below the poverty line.
| Measure | Madison | South Central Connecticut Planning Region | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median household income | $167,442±$16,036 | $88,197 | – |
| Mean household income | $214,119±$13,518 | $121,469 | – |
| Per capita income | $86,165±$6,367 | $49,766 | – |
| People below the poverty line | 3.6%±1.2 pts | 11.4% | – |
| Children under 18 below the poverty line | 0.0%±1.3 pts | 14.6% | – |
| Households receiving SNAP | 1.5%±1.0 pts | 13.5% | – |
| Households with a computer | 98.7%±0.9 pts | 95.4% | – |
| Households with a broadband subscription | 97.5%±1.2 pts | 92.4% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP03) · Check it at data.census.gov
What does housing cost in Madison?
Owners occupy 90.4% of Madison's occupied homes and renters 9.6%. The median owner-occupied home is valued at $583,900 by its owner (±$30,116). The median renter pays $2,025 a month including utilities, and 40.8% of renters pay 35% or more of their income on rent.
| Measure | Madison | South Central Connecticut Planning Region | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median home value (owner-occupied) | $583,900±$30,116 | $353,100 | – |
| Median gross rent | $2,025±$741 | $1,525 | – |
| Renters paying 35% or more of income on rent | 40.8%±13.9 pts | 44.5% | – |
| Median monthly owner costs, with a mortgage | $3,195±$195 | $2,377 | – |
| Owner-occupied homes | 90.4%±2.3 pts | 60.5% | – |
| Renter-occupied homes | 9.6%±2.3 pts | 39.5% | – |
| Housing units | 7,949±352 | 248,267 | – |
| Homeowner vacancy rate | 0.0%±0.7 pts | 0.5% | – |
| Rental vacancy rate | 6.3%±10.0 pts | 4.5% | – |
| Single-family detached homes | 91.5%±2.0 pts | 52.8% | – |
| Mobile homes | 0.0%±0.5 pts | 0.4% | – |
| Built 2020 or later | 0.1%±0.1 pts | 0.6% | – |
| Built 2010 to 2019 | 2.8%±1.1 pts | 3.7% | – |
| Built 1939 or earlier | 11.6%±2.2 pts | 23.1% | – |
| Households with no vehicle | 2.1%±1.0 pts | 11.4% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP04) · Check it at data.census.gov
How many new homes is Madison building?
Builders took permits for 28 new housing units in Madison in 2025 (10 in single-family houses), 1.6 per 1,000 residents against 2.0 across Connecticut.
Counts of units in permits a local office issued; not every permitted unit is built. A year marked with months was reported for part of the year.
Source: Building Permits Survey, annual place files 2019-2025, U.S. Census Bureau · Census Building Permits Survey
How do people in Madison work and get to work?
61.1% of Madison's workers drive alone and 30.2% work from home. The average trip to work takes 29.8 minutes.
| Measure | Madison | South Central Connecticut Planning Region | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| In the labor force (age 16+) | 62.6%±2.4 pts | 65.1% | – |
| Unemployment rate | 5.3%±4.0 pts | 6.0% | – |
| Drove alone to work | 61.1%±5.2 pts | 69.4% | – |
| Carpooled | 4.1%±1.4 pts | 7.2% | – |
| Public transportation | 1.8%±0.9 pts | 3.0% | – |
| Walked | 1.5%±0.8 pts | 4.6% | – |
| Worked from home | 30.2%±4.9 pts | 14.3% | – |
| Mean travel time to work | 29.8 min±2.9 | 23.5 min | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP03) · Check it at data.census.gov
What census tracts are in Madison?
4 census tracts lie mostly in Madison (2020 census blocks). Their median household incomes run from $150,041 (Tract 1941.01) to $178,287 (Tract 1942.01).
| Tract | Residents, 2020-2024 | Median household income |
|---|---|---|
| Tract 1942.01South Central Connecticut Planning Region | 6,966 | $178,287 |
| Tract 1942.02South Central Connecticut Planning Region | 5,625 | $159,877 |
| Tract 1941.02South Central Connecticut Planning Region | 2,970 | $167,132 |
| Tract 1941.01South Central Connecticut Planning Region | 2,055 | $150,041 |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026); 2020 block assignment files (tract share = share of the tract's census blocks in Madison) · Census block assignment files
How does Madison compare with other places in Connecticut?
By the Census Bureau's July 2025 estimates, Madison is the 690th-most populous of the 16,079 U.S. towns and townships that have one and the 45th-most populous of 142 in Connecticut.
Madison ranks 40th of 294 places in Connecticut with 1,000 or more residents and a reliable estimate, by median household income.
| Measure | Rank | Of |
|---|---|---|
| Population, July 2025 estimate | 45th | 142 |
| Growth 2020-2025 (PEP) | 153rd | 167 |
| Residents per square mile | 200th | 303 |
| Median household income | 40th | 294 |
| Per capita income | 51st | 303 |
| Median home value | 53rd | 300 |
| Median gross rent | 45th | 266 |
| Poverty rate | 173rd | 202 |
| Bachelor's degree or higher | 34th | 297 |
| Median age | 46th | 301 |
| Owner-occupied share | 51st | 300 |
| Work from home | 37th | 279 |
| Travel time to work | 104th | 302 |
Madison's figures with every place in Connecticut (CSV)
Every place in Connecticut, sortable · Compare Madison with other places
Source: PlainCities ranks computed from the American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) and PEP Vintage 2025 · How ranks are computed
How reliable are the figures for Madison?
10 of the 57 figures for Madison on this page carry a coefficient of variation over 40% and are marked with a ring: they come from a small sample, so read them as rough.
The American Community Survey samples about one household in eight over five years, so every figure is an estimate with a 90% margin of error (shown under each value). A ring marks an estimate whose coefficient of variation is over 40%. A change is called only when the gap between the two periods is larger than their combined 90% margin (the square root of the sum of the two squared margins), the Census Bureau's test. How to read a margin of error.
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026): margins of error as published · ACS technical documentation
How these figures are made: methodology and release checks · reading a margin of error · every state · corrections
Not on this page: crime, weather and schools for Madison are other agencies' records. Crime: the FBI's Crime Data Explorer · climate: NOAA's U.S. Climate Normals · schools: the National Center for Education Statistics' school search.