City profile · Indiana · Census ACS 2023

Madison, IN

Population, income, housing, safety, climate and schools for Madison - drawn straight from Census ACS, FBI UCR, NOAA, NCES, HUD and FEMA, refreshed on the 2024–2025 release cycle.

12,277
Residents
$57,050
Median income
$186,600
Median home
$971
Median rent (state)

Madison - the verdict

Out of every US city with 1,000+ residents, Madison places in the 31st percentile for household income. Source: Census ACS.

31st
percentile, household income
39th
percentile, home value
12th
percentile, median rent
📝 How we sourced this

Population, income, and housing-cost figures come from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 5-year estimates (B-series tables). Crime data uses FBI UCR; climate uses NOAA Climate Normals; school counts come from NCES Common Core of Data; permits use the Census Building Permits Survey (BPS). See our methodology page for the full ETL pipeline and OMB / FIPS join keys.

Data Snapshot: Madison, IN

Census ACS 2023 estimates count 12,277 residents in Madison, a small town within Indiana. Madison households earn a median of $57,050 annually, below the median for U.S. cities on this measure, with a poverty rate of 8.9%. Typical homes in Madison are valued around $186,600, and the median resident age is 45.0 years. About 20.8% of adults hold a bachelor's degree or higher, while 52.2% of working-age residents are in the labor force.

The Census Building Permit Survey recorded 20 residential units authorized here in 2024 (Building Boom), up 82% from five years earlier.

Living costs in Indiana run below the national norm: the state registers 93.3 on a 100-equals-national-average index (Below Average) per BEA Regional Price Parities 2024. Statewide, HUD pegs Fair Market Rent for a two-bedroom unit at $971 monthly. EIA 2023 residential energy data puts Indiana's average monthly utility costs around $235 (state average). Workers in Madison report an average commute of 19.2 minutes, with 84.2% driving alone and 6.2% working from home. Natural-hazard exposure scores 48.3 out of 100 on FEMA's National Risk Index (Low).

Population

12,277 residents

Census ACS 2023 - Indiana

Median Household Income

$57,050 /yr

Poverty 8.9%

Cost of Living Index (state)

93.3 (US=100)

Below Average - BEA RPP 2024, Indiana average

How does Madison compare to other US cities?

Madison measured against every US city with 1,000+ residents, computed live from the same Census and FBI data shown throughout this page.

Household income 31% higher than other cities
Home value 39% pricier than other cities
Median rent 12% pricier than other cities

"Safer than" reflects total crime rate from FBI UCR; the others use Census ACS estimates.

How we calculate these percentiles & ranks

Each percentile compares Madison against every qualifying US city; each in-state rank narrows that to Indiana only. Full formula and direction notes: methodology.

Indiana-relative analysis

Median Home Value sits close to the middle of Indiana's city distribution

Among the 771 Indiana cities PlainCities tracks with reported median home value data, Madison ranks #205 - the 73rd percentile within the state. This is a different, narrower cut than the nationwide percentiles above: it compares Madison only against its own state's cities, not the full US field.

Median Household Income
#481 of 766
37th percentile in Indiana
Median Gross Rent
#546 of 850
35th percentile in Indiana
Median Home Value
#205 of 771
73rd percentile in Indiana
Poverty Rate
#342 of 849
59th percentile in Indiana
Bachelor's Degree or Higher
#276 of 850
67th percentile in Indiana

Ranked by raw value (highest first); a higher rank is not automatically "better" for every measure, see each metric's own context above. This is a comparison within Indiana only, not a livability score. See the methodology for the source and calculation.

31stIncome percentile

31st percentile nationally for median household income. Source: Census ACS 2023 / FBI UCR 2023.

How Madison's home value compares nationally

Median home value vs. every US city (population 1,000+)

$186,600 Among the most affordable more affordable than 61% of 15,600 US cities

$0–$25,000: 5 US cities (0%). Below this entry. $25,000–$50,000: 54 US cities (0%). Below this entry. $50,000–$75,000: 352 US cities (2%). Below this entry. $75,000–$100,000: 1,086 US cities (7%). Below this entry. $100,000–$125,000: 1,516 US cities (10%). Below this entry. $125,000–$150,000: 1,170 US cities (8%). Below this entry. $150,000–$175,000: 1,278 US cities (8%). Below this entry. $175,000–$200,000: 1,229 US cities (8%). This entry sits in this band. $200,000–$225,000: 1,035 US cities (7%). Above this entry. $225,000–$250,000: 976 US cities (6%). Above this entry. $250,000–$275,000: 754 US cities (5%). Above this entry. $275,000–$300,000: 712 US cities (5%). Above this entry. $300,000–$325,000: 521 US cities (3%). Above this entry. $325,000–$350,000: 526 US cities (3%). Above this entry. $350,000–$375,000: 465 US cities (3%). Above this entry. $375,000–$400,000: 393 US cities (3%). Above this entry. $400,000–$425,000: 317 US cities (2%). Above this entry. $425,000–$450,000: 300 US cities (2%). Above this entry. $450,000–$475,000: 307 US cities (2%). Above this entry. $475,000–$500,000: 250 US cities (2%). Above this entry. $500,000–$525,000: 160 US cities (1%). Above this entry. $525,000–$550,000: 156 US cities (1%). Above this entry. $550,000–$575,000: 172 US cities (1%). Above this entry. $575,000–$600,000: 172 US cities (1%). Above this entry. $600,000–$625,000: 163 US cities (1%). Above this entry. $625,000–$650,000: 167 US cities (1%). Above this entry. $650,000–$675,000: 135 US cities (1%). Above this entry. $675,000–$700,000: 101 US cities (1%). Above this entry. $700,000–$725,000: 95 US cities (1%). Above this entry. $725,000–$750,000: 71 US cities (0%). Above this entry. $750,000–$775,000: 65 US cities (0%). Above this entry. $775,000–$800,000: 70 US cities (0%). Above this entry. $800,000–$825,000: 57 US cities (0%). Above this entry. $825,000–$850,000: 67 US cities (0%). Above this entry. $850,000–$875,000: 60 US cities (0%). Above this entry. $875,000–$900,000: 58 US cities (0%). Above this entry. $900,000–$925,000: 47 US cities (0%). Above this entry. $925,000–$950,000: 37 US cities (0%). Above this entry. $950,000–$975,000: 31 US cities (0%). Above this entry. $975,000–$1,000,000: 470 US cities (3%). Above this entry. $1,000,000–$1,025,000: 0 US cities (0%). Above this entry. Madison $0 $1,025,000 every US city, bucketed by value

Each bar is a $25K-wide band; taller bars hold more US cities. The dashed line + filled bar mark this entry. Hover or tap any bar for its full count, share, and where it sits relative to this entry.

Source U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates · 2023

Income distribution context

Household income distribution - Madison, IN Madison, IN's reported median household income shown against the U.S. national quintile-share pattern (not Madison, IN-specific quintile data). The Lorenz curve traces the national cumulative income share against cumulative population share, perfect equality is the diagonal; observed inequality bows below. $ Household Income Distribution Madison, IN median $57,050/yr, vs. U.S. national quintile pattern QUINTILE SHARE OF AGGREGATE INCOME Lowest 20% 3.4% Second 20% 9.2% Middle 20% 15.1% Fourth 20% 23.2% Top 20% 49.1% LORENZ CURVE cumulative income vs. population 100% 0% 100% pop. 0%
Madison, IN's median household income (Census ACS 5-year estimate) plotted against the U.S. national income-quintile distribution pattern for context; the quintile shares and Lorenz curve are national figures, not computed specifically for Madison, IN. Diagonal = perfect equality.

Key socioeconomic indicators

Bachelor's degree or higher (adults 25+) 20.8%

Census ACS S1501, educational attainment

Poverty rate (households below FPL) 8.9%

Census ACS S1701, poverty status

Labor force participation (adults 16+) 52.2%

Census ACS S2301, share of working-age residents in the labor force

Population
12,277
Median Income
$57,050
Median Home Value
$186,600
Median Age
45.0
Poverty Rate
8.9%
Labor force participation
52.2%
Bachelor's Degree+
20.8%

Schools

Total Schools
5
Public schools in this city

Population Change

Annual U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates Program (PEP) estimates, 2020–2025

See the fastest-growing cities →
12,000 residents12,100 residents12,200 residents12,300 residents12,400 residents 202020212022202320242025 12,327 residents 12,304 residents ▼ -0.2%
Madison's Census PEP population estimates, 2020–2025.

Housing Supply

Census Bureau Building Permits Survey (BPS) - annual residential permits authorized

📈 Building Boom
Total Permits (2024)
20
housing units authorized
Single-Family
20
detached homes
Multifamily
0
apartments & condos
Supply Intensity
1.6
permits per 1,000 residents

5-Year Permit Trend (2019–2024)

Year Total
2019 11
2020 12
2021 14
2022 20
2023 18
2024 20

Permit volume increased 82% from 2019 to 2024.

Commute Patterns

How workers travel to work, Census ACS 2023

Average Commute Time
19.2 minutes
Drive Alone
84.2%
Carpool
6.8%
Public Transit
0.0%
Walk
1.7%
Work from Home
6.2%
Other
1.1%

Based on 5,452 workers 16 and over.

Monthly Utility Costs

State-average estimates for Indiana - EIA 2023 residential energy data

Electricity
$110
avg/month
Natural Gas
$80
avg/month
Water & Sewer
$45
avg/month
Total Utilities
$235
estimated/month

Estimates reflect Indiana state averages. Actual costs vary by home size, usage, and local rates. Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) 2023.

Living Costs & Risk

Cost of living is a Indiana state average from BEA; rent and hazard risk are county-level figures from HUD and FEMA for the county Madison sits in

Cost of Living Index
93.3
Below Average
US average = 100 · BEA RPP 2024
Typical 2-BR Rent
$971/mo
HUD Fair Market Rent
County-level FMR estimate
Natural Hazard Risk
48.3 / 100
Low
FEMA NRI composite score (county)

Similar Cities in Indiana

Washington
12,192 people
Martinsville
11,913 people
Yorktown
11,617 people
Greensburg
11,585 people
Lake Station
13,109 people
Connersville
13,241 people

Cities of a Similar Size Nationwide

Population-matched peers from other states, closest to Madison's 12,277 residents (Census ACS 5-Year 2023).

San Marino, CA
12,279 people
Upper Montclair, NJ
12,279 people
Kewanee, IL
12,280 people
Streator, IL
12,274 people
Grafton, WI
12,274 people
Haverstraw, NY
12,273 people

Cities with a Similar Household Income Nationwide

Median-household-income-matched peers from other states, closest to Madison's $57,050 (Census ACS 5-Year 2023, table B19013).

Guymon, OK
$57,051 median income
Madera, PA
$57,059 median income
Myrtle Creek, OR
$57,039 median income
Dakota, IL
$57,063 median income
Concordia, NJ
$57,063 median income
Footville, WI
$57,063 median income

Race & Ethnicity Composition

Race and ethnicity - Madison, IN Race categories sum to one hundred percent per Census methodology. Hispanic or Latino is shown separately as an ethnicity overlay; it cuts across all race categories per OMB Directive 15. Race & Ethnicity Composition Madison, IN - Census ACS, OMB race + ethnicity categories RACE, sums to 100% 92.3% ETHNICITY, Hispanic or Latino (any race) 2.3% White 92.3% Black or African American 2.2% Asian 1.1% American Indian 0.1% Native Hawaiian 0.0% Some other race 1.3% Two or more races 3.0% Per OMB Directive 15: Hispanic/Latino ethnicity is reported separately from the race categories.
Race categories sum to 100%. Hispanic or Latino ethnicity is reported separately and cuts across race per Census/OMB methodology.

City-level race and ethnicity, Census ACS 5-year 2023 (tables B02001, B03001), OMB Directive 15 categories.

How Madison compares to nearby Indiana cities

Population + median household income, sourced from Census Bureau ACS 5-year B01001 (population) and B19013 (median household income).

City Population Median Household Income
Madison (this city) 12,277 $57,050
Washington 12,192 $50,000
Martinsville 11,913 $56,186
Yorktown 11,617 $81,765
Census ACS 5-year FIPS IN NCES CCD Census BPS 2024 OMB Bulletin 23-01

What do people ask about Madison, IN?

What is the population of Madison, IN? +

The population of Madison, IN stands at 12,277 according to U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2023 estimates.

What is the median household income in Madison, IN? +

In Madison, the typical household earns $57,050 per year, based on Census ACS 2023 data.

What is the cost of living in Madison? +

BEA does not publish a city-level cost-of-living figure for Madison; the closest available measure is the Indiana state average, a cost of living index of 93.3 (U.S. average = 100), rated "Below Average" based on BEA Regional Price Parities 2024 data. Costs within Indiana vary by metro area.

What is the median home value in Madison, IN? +

The median home value in Madison is $186,600, according to Census ACS 2023 estimates.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year 2023, NCES CCD, Census BPS 2024, Census ACS B08301/B08136, U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) 2023, BEA Regional Price Parities 2024, HUD Fair Market Rents 2026, FEMA National Risk Index.

Read our methodology - how this data is sourced, computed, and verified.

Primary sources: Census ACS, FBI UCR, NOAA Climate Normals, NCES.

Citation & verification links Data sourced from the U.S. Census Bureau. See our methodology for details. Retrieved and formatted by PlainCities

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Every figure on PlainCities is rendered directly from Census ACS source data, no number is typed in by an editor. This page draws directly on Census ACS source data, no figure is typed in by an editor. See our editorial standards & corrections policy, the methodology behind these numbers, or report a data error.