County · Indiana

Jefferson County, Indiana

Jefferson County, Indiana. Jefferson County had 33,279 residents in 2025 by the Census Bureau's estimate, up 0.4% since 2020, slower than Indiana (+2.8%). It holds 17 places (4 cities, villages and boroughs, 10 towns and townships and 3 census-designated) and 7 census tracts. GEOID 18077.

Jefferson County is the county of the Madison, IN micropolitan statistical area (the Census Bureau's July 2023 delineation).

Residents, July 2025 estimate

33,279

Census Bureau estimate (no margin published)
2020 Census count: 33,147 · ACS 2020-2024: 32,998

Median household income

$64,577

±$5,301 (90% margin)
Indiana: $71,957

Median home value

$194,600

±$9,710 (90% margin)
Indiana: $218,200

Median gross rent

$890

±$52 (90% margin)
Indiana: $1,062

How many people live in Jefferson County, and is it growing?

The 2020 Census counted 33,147 residents in Jefferson County. The Census Bureau estimates 33,279 for July 1, 2025, up 0.4% since 2020, slower than Indiana (+2.8%). The 2020-2024 American Community Survey puts the population at 32,998 over 361 square miles of land.

July 2020→2021 −156 (32,935)
2021→2022 −123 (32,812)
2022→2023 +159 (32,971)
2023→2024 +93 (33,064)
2024→2025 +215 (33,279)

Jefferson County in Indiana. Boundaries: Census Bureau 2024.

Counts, ACS 2020-2024 5-year estimates, with the change from 2015-2019
Measure	Jefferson County	Indiana	Change since 2015-2019
Total population	32,998	6,851,073	+797
Households	12,790±342	2,716,009	no clear change
Average household size	2.42±0.06	2.46	no clear change
Housing units	14,517±30	2,976,568	no clear change

Jefferson County's population since 2000

From 31,705 in 2000 to 33,279 in 2025: up 5.0%. The 2000, 2010 and 2020 figures are census counts. The 2005 figure is the Census Bureau's intercensal estimate, revised to fit the 2000 and 2010 counts and drawn on 2010 boundaries; 2015 and 2025 are July 1 estimates made from the census before them.

2000 Census 31,705
2005 (estimate) 31,998
2010 Census 32,428
2015 (estimate) 32,305
2020 Census 33,147
2025 (estimate) 33,279

Source: The 2000, 2010 and 2020 Census counts and the Census Bureau's population estimates (intercensal 2000-2010, Vintage 2020, Vintage 2025) · Census population estimates

Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026); PEP Vintage 2025 (CO-EST2025); 2020 Census · Check it at data.census.gov

What cities and towns are in Jefferson County?

Jefferson County holds 17 places: 4 cities, villages and boroughs (incorporated places), 10 towns and townships (county subdivisions with their own government) and 3 census-designated places. The largest is Madison Township, Jefferson County with 18,077 residents (2025 estimate). Places that cross a county line are listed with the share of their 2020 residents who live in this county.

Places in Jefferson County, ACS 2020-2024 5-year estimates. Ring: estimate with a coefficient of variation over 40%.

Madison Township, Jefferson County	township	18,007	17,956±28	$61,237	$191,900	14.2%	100%
Madison	city	12,357	12,223±24	$61,183	$203,100	14.9%	100%
Hanover Township, Jefferson County	township	5,592	5,599±35	$66,019	$186,300	11.4%	100%
Hanover	town	3,743	3,554±347	$53,929	$138,700	13.1%	100%
Graham Township	township	1,618	1,561±381	$78,292	$230,300	3.0%	100%
Republican Township	township	1,600	1,799±462	$97,109	$228,300	8.4%	100%
Lancaster Township, Jefferson CountyGEOID 1807741940	township	1,494	1,036±308	$79,750	$258,100	18.5%	100%
Saluda Township	township	1,333	1,232±409	$77,813	$165,600	3.0%	100%
Shelby Township, Jefferson CountyGEOID 1807769228	township	1,151	914±287	$57,500	$182,800	11.9%	100%
Smyrna TownshipGEOID 1807770398	township	1,116	1,042±373	$71,250	not published	12.7%	100%
Milton Township	township	862	1,359±434	$98,672	$240,800	15.9%	100%
Monroe Township, Jefferson CountyGEOID 1807750346	township	374	500±297	$46,646	$304,500	0.0%	100%
Dupont	town	343	279±89	$64,338	$116,700	9.0%	100%
KentGEOID 1839510	CDP	90	0±13	not published	not published	–	100%
DeputyGEOID 1817812	CDP	86	37±35	not published	not published	18.9%	100%
CanaanGEOID 1810036	CDP	72	120±143	not published	not published	0.0%	100%
BrooksburgGEOID 1808092	town	72	111±77	$39,167	$179,200	14.3%	100%

Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026); 2020 place-by-county parts · Check it at data.census.gov

Who lives in Jefferson County?

The median resident of Jefferson County is 41.8 years old; 19.9% are under 18 and 19.2% are 65 or older. The largest group is non-Hispanic white residents at 91.0%, then Hispanic or Latino residents (of any race) at 3.5%. 1.4% of residents were born outside the United States.

Age, origin and education, ACS 2020-2024 5-year estimates. Race groups are non-Hispanic; Hispanic includes any race.
Measure	Jefferson County	Indiana	Change since 2015-2019
Median age	41.8±0.9	38.1	no clear change
Under 18 years	19.9%±0.1 pts	23.3%	–
65 years and over	19.2%±0.3 pts	16.8%	–
Hispanic or Latino (any race)	3.5%	8.6%	+0.7 pts
White alone, not Hispanic	91.0%±0.7 pts	75.4%	−1.6 pts
Black or African American alone, not Hispanic	1.0%±0.3 pts	9.1%	−1.1 pts
Asian alone, not Hispanic	0.8%±0.2 pts	2.6%	no clear change
American Indian and Alaska Native alone, not Hispanic	0.2%±0.2 pts	0.1%	–
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, not Hispanic	0.0%±0.1 pts	0.0%	–
Two or more races, not Hispanic	2.7%±0.5 pts	3.8%	–
Some other race alone, not Hispanic	0.8%±0.7 pts	0.4%	–
Born outside the United States	1.4%±0.4 pts	6.3%	no clear change
Speak a language other than English at home (age 5+)	3.7%±1.0 pts	10.3%	–
Civilian veterans (age 18+)	6.2%±0.9 pts	6.3%	–
With a disability	19.7%±1.9 pts	14.2%	–
No health insurance coverage	7.6%±1.8 pts	7.4%	no clear change
High school graduate or higher (age 25+)	90.0%±1.7 pts	90.4%	–
Bachelor's degree or higher (age 25+)	19.8%±2.4 pts	29.5%	no clear change
Graduate or professional degree (age 25+)	8.8%±1.5 pts	10.8%	–
Moved from another state in the past year	1.6%±0.6 pts	2.1%	–

Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profiles DP02, DP05) · Check it at data.census.gov

What do households in Jefferson County earn?

Half of Jefferson County's 12,790 households earn less than $64,577 a year (±$5,301), against $71,957 in Indiana. In 2015-2019 it was $64,880 in 2024 dollars; the margins of error cannot tell the two periods apart. 12.3% of residents live below the poverty line.

Income and poverty in 2024 dollars, ACS 2020-2024 5-year estimates
Measure	Jefferson County	Indiana	Change since 2015-2019
Median household income	$64,577±$5,301	$71,957	no clear change
Mean household income	$82,160±$5,162	$95,247	–
Per capita income	$33,000±$1,803	$38,351	no clear change
People below the poverty line	12.3%±2.1 pts	12.3%	no clear change
Children under 18 below the poverty line	13.5%±4.7 pts	16.0%	no clear change
Households receiving SNAP	10.0%±2.4 pts	9.1%	–
Households with a broadband subscription	86.9%±2.1 pts	89.9%	–

Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP03) · Check it at data.census.gov

What does housing cost in Jefferson County?

Owners occupy 71.8% of Jefferson County's occupied homes and renters 28.2%. The median owner-occupied home is valued at $194,600 by its owner (±$9,710). The median renter pays $890 a month including utilities, and 27.2% of renters pay 35% or more of their income on rent.

Housing, ACS 2020-2024 5-year estimates
Measure	Jefferson County	Indiana	Change since 2015-2019
Median home value (owner-occupied)	$194,600±$9,710	$218,200	+$31,041
Median gross rent	$890±$52	$1,062	no clear change
Renters paying 35% or more of income on rent	27.2%±6.2 pts	38.9%	−11.2 pts
Median monthly owner costs, with a mortgage	$1,285±$85	$1,404	–
Owner-occupied homes	71.8%±3.4 pts	70.6%	no clear change
Housing units	14,517±30	2,976,568	no clear change
Homeowner vacancy rate	2.4%±1.7 pts	0.8%	–
Rental vacancy rate	0.5%±0.8 pts	5.6%	–
Single-family detached homes	70.7%±3.0 pts	72.6%	–
Mobile homes	10.8%±1.9 pts	4.4%	–
Built 2020 or later	1.4%±0.8 pts	1.7%	–
Built 1939 or earlier	21.1%±2.3 pts	16.0%	–

Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP04) · Check it at data.census.gov

How many new homes is Jefferson County building?

Builders took permits for 68 new housing units across Jefferson County in 2025 (68 single-family), 2.0 per 1,000 residents.

2019 44 units
2020 50 units
2021 65 units
2022 70 units
2023 72 units
2024 58 units
2025 68 units

Source: Building Permits Survey, annual county files 2019-2025, U.S. Census Bureau · Census Building Permits Survey

How do people in Jefferson County get to work?

82.3% of Jefferson County's workers drive alone and 5.8% work from home. The average trip to work takes 22.2 minutes. The unemployment rate in 2020-2024 averaged 4.4%.

Work and commuting, ACS 2020-2024 5-year estimates
Measure	Jefferson County	Indiana	Change since 2015-2019
In the labor force (age 16+)	57.8%±2.5 pts	63.8%	–
Unemployment rate	4.4%±1.2 pts	4.3%	no clear change
Drove alone to work	82.3%±2.7 pts	76.3%	–
Carpooled	8.6%±2.0 pts	9.1%	–
Public transportation	0.0%±0.3 pts	0.6%	–
Walked	2.5%±0.7 pts	1.9%	–
Worked from home	5.8%±1.6 pts	10.7%	no clear change
Mean travel time to work	22.2 min±1.5	24.1 min	no clear change

Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP03) · Check it at data.census.gov

What are Jefferson County's census tracts?

Jefferson County is divided into 7 census tracts. Among those with a reliable estimate, median household income runs from $52,292 (Tract 9663) to $80,139 (Tract 9662).

Census tracts of Jefferson County, ACS 2020-2024 5-year estimates; sort by any column

Tract 966018077966000	Brooksburg (5%)	3,893	4,088±519	$59,150	$194,200	$924	11.3%
Tract 966118077966100	Dupont (5%)	6,653	6,717±556	$71,339	$213,400	$1,033	12.7%
Tract 966218077966200	Deputy (5%)	4,670	4,526±460	$80,139	$198,500	$737	9.2%
Tract 966318077966300	Hanover (71%)	4,124	3,942±320	$52,292	$141,300	$914	11.4%
Tract 966418077966400	Madison (77%)	5,828	5,483±648	$61,625	$197,600	$863	15.3%
Tract 966518077966500	Madison (83%)	5,730	5,745±472	$63,726	$196,200	$638	14.2%
Tract 966618077966600	Madison	2,249	2,497±391	$54,550	$198,900	$854	9.9%

Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) · Check it at data.census.gov

How does Jefferson County compare with Indiana's other counties?

Jefferson County's rank among Indiana's counties with a reliable estimate (1 = highest)
Measure	Rank
Population	51st of 92
Growth 2020-2025	62nd of 92
Residents per square mile	44th of 92
Median household income	65th of 92
Median home value	39th of 92
Median gross rent	40th of 92
Poverty rate	42nd of 92
Bachelor's degree or higher	50th of 92
Median age	35th of 92

Every county in Indiana

Source: PlainCities ranks from the American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) and PEP Vintage 2025 · How ranks are computed

How these figures are made: methodology and release checks · reading a margin of error · every state · corrections

Not on this page: crime, weather and schools for Jefferson County are other agencies' records. Crime: the FBI's Crime Data Explorer · climate: NOAA's U.S. Climate Normals · schools: the National Center for Education Statistics' school search.