Town · North Carolina
Madison, North Carolina
Madison, town, in Rockingham County, North Carolina. Madison had 2,190 residents on July 1, 2025 by the Census Bureau's estimate, up 2.9% since 2020; the 2020 Census counted 2,129 and the ACS 2020-2024 5-year estimates put it at 2,242 (±334). GEOID 3740560.
Residents, July 2025 estimate
2,190
Census Bureau estimate (no margin published)
2020 Census count: 2,129 · ACS 2020-2024: 2,242 ±334
Median household income
$52,593
±$9,148 (90% margin)
North Carolina: $72,388
Median home value
$184,900
±$33,718 (90% margin)
North Carolina: $288,900
Median gross rent
$830
±$146 (90% margin)
North Carolina: $1,228
Where is Madison and what county is it in?
Madison is a town in Rockingham County, North Carolina. It covers 3.5 square miles of land, 601 residents per square mile in 2020.
Madison is in the Greensboro-High Point, NC metropolitan statistical area, which takes in 3 counties (Census Bureau delineation, July 2023).
Source: 2024 Gazetteer and 2020 place-by-county files, U.S. Census Bureau · Census reference files
How many people live in Madison, and is it growing?
The Census Bureau estimates that 2,190 people lived in Madison on July 1, 2025, up 2.9% since 2020, slower than North Carolina (+7.2%). The 2020 Census counted 2,129 residents. The 2020-2024 American Community Survey, a five-year sample, puts the population at 2,242 (±334).
| Measure | Madison | Rockingham County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total population | 2,242 ±334 | 92,131 | no clear change |
| Households | 1,060 ±152 | 39,606 | no clear change |
| Average household size | 2.11 ±0.24 | 2.30 | no clear change |
| Housing units | 1,161 ±144 | 43,868 | no clear change |
Madison's population since 2000
From 2,262 in 2000 to 2,190 in 2025: down 3.2%. The 2000, 2010 and 2020 figures are census counts, each for Madison as it was drawn that year: a place that annexed land, or a community that has since incorporated, covered a different area then. The 2005 figure is the Census Bureau's intercensal estimate, revised to fit the 2000 and 2010 counts and drawn on 2010 boundaries; 2015 and 2025 are July 1 estimates made from the census before them.
Source: The 2000, 2010 and 2020 Census counts and the Census Bureau's population estimates (intercensal 2000-2010, Vintage 2020, Vintage 2025) · Census population estimates
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026); Census PEP Vintage 2025 (SUB-EST2025, CO-EST2025); 2020 Census P.L. 94-171 · Check it at data.census.gov
Who lives in Madison?
The median resident of Madison is 47.5 years old; 13.9% are under 18 and 22.2% are 65 or older. The largest group is non-Hispanic white residents at 59.1%, then non-Hispanic Black residents at 33.9%.
| Measure | Madison | Rockingham County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median age | 47.5 ±4.6 | 44.7 | no clear change |
| Under 18 years | 13.9% ±3.9 pts | 20.3% | – |
| 65 years and over | 22.2% ±4.3 pts | 21.1% | – |
| Male | 53.7% ±6.3 pts | 48.8% | – |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 2.2% ±2.7 pts | 7.2% | – |
| White alone, not Hispanic | 59.1% ±6.9 pts | 69.9% | no clear change |
| Black or African American alone, not Hispanic | 33.9% ±5.6 pts | 17.3% | +9.4 pts |
| Asian alone, not Hispanic | 1.0% ±1.7 pts | 0.3% | – |
| American Indian and Alaska Native alone, not Hispanic | 0.1% ±0.2 pts | 0.1% | – |
| Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, not Hispanic | 0.1% ±0.1 pts | 0.2% | – |
| Two or more races, not Hispanic | 3.5% ±2.2 pts | 4.3% | – |
| Some other race alone, not Hispanic | 0.0% ±1.9 pts | 0.7% | – |
| Born outside the United States | 2.5% ±2.3 pts | 3.3% | – |
| Speak a language other than English at home (age 5+) | 2.5% ±2.8 pts | 5.9% | – |
| Civilian veterans (age 18+) | 8.1% ±3.2 pts | 7.1% | – |
| With a disability | 23.7% ±5.9 pts | 18.0% | – |
| No health insurance coverage | 8.8% ±4.0 pts | 9.1% | no clear change |
| High school graduate or higher (age 25+) | 87.4% ±6.2 pts | 85.5% | – |
| Bachelor's degree or higher (age 25+) | 15.1% ±5.1 pts | 17.0% | no clear change |
| Graduate or professional degree (age 25+) | 9.0% ±3.6 pts | 5.7% | – |
| Lived in the same house a year earlier | 90.6% ±6.8 pts | 90.3% | – |
| Moved from another state in the past year | 2.9% ±2.8 pts | 1.3% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profiles DP02, DP05) · Check it at data.census.gov
What do households in Madison earn?
Half of Madison's 1,060 households earn less than $52,593 a year (±$9,148), against $57,053 in Rockingham County and $72,388 in North Carolina. In 2015-2019 it was $54,840 in 2024 dollars; the margins of error cannot tell the two periods apart. 8.0% of residents live below the poverty line.
| Measure | Madison | Rockingham County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median household income | $52,593 ±$9,148 | $57,053 | no clear change |
| Mean household income | $66,662 ±$10,404 | $76,096 | – |
| Per capita income | $31,282 ±$4,985 | $32,991 | no clear change |
| People below the poverty line | 8.0% ±3.4 pts | 16.3% | −10.7 pts |
| Children under 18 below the poverty line | 0.0% ±12.7 pts | 23.7% | – |
| Households receiving SNAP | 17.4% ±9.5 pts | 17.7% | – |
| Households with a computer | 88.7% ±5.6 pts | 90.7% | – |
| Households with a broadband subscription | 84.0% ±6.6 pts | 85.0% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP03) · Check it at data.census.gov
What does housing cost in Madison?
Owners occupy 57.7% of Madison's occupied homes and renters 42.3%. The median owner-occupied home is valued at $184,900 by its owner (±$33,718). The median renter pays $830 a month including utilities, and 24.9% of renters pay 35% or more of their income on rent.
| Measure | Madison | Rockingham County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median home value (owner-occupied) | $184,900 ±$33,718 | $168,600 | +$44,355 |
| Median gross rent | $830 ±$146 | $810 | no clear change |
| Renters paying 35% or more of income on rent | 24.9% ±14.1 pts | 39.1% | no clear change |
| Median monthly owner costs, with a mortgage | $1,208 ±$255 | $1,214 | – |
| Owner-occupied homes | 57.7% ±9.7 pts | 72.1% | no clear change |
| Renter-occupied homes | 42.3% ±9.7 pts | 27.9% | – |
| Housing units | 1,161 ±144 | 43,868 | no clear change |
| Homeowner vacancy rate | 0.0% ±6.7 pts | 0.4% | – |
| Rental vacancy rate | 0.0% ±9.0 pts | 3.6% | – |
| Single-family detached homes | 72.9% ±9.2 pts | 71.7% | – |
| Mobile homes | 2.3% ±1.7 pts | 16.4% | – |
| Built 2020 or later | 0.0% ±3.6 pts | 1.2% | – |
| Built 2010 to 2019 | 0.3% ±0.6 pts | 6.2% | – |
| Built 1939 or earlier | 22.7% ±8.8 pts | 9.0% | – |
| Households with no vehicle | 10.8% ±6.9 pts | 6.7% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP04) · Check it at data.census.gov
How many new homes is Madison building?
Builders took permits for 51 new housing units in Madison in 2025 (3 in single-family houses), 23.3 per 1,000 residents against 7.7 across North Carolina.
Counts of units in permits a local office issued; not every permitted unit is built. A year marked with months was reported for part of the year.
Source: Building Permits Survey, annual place files 2019-2025, U.S. Census Bureau · Census Building Permits Survey
How do people in Madison work and get to work?
75.3% of Madison's workers drive alone and 10.1% work from home. The average trip to work takes 20.2 minutes.
| Measure | Madison | Rockingham County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| In the labor force (age 16+) | 62.3% ±6.2 pts | 56.6% | – |
| Unemployment rate | 10.3% ±7.4 pts | 5.8% | – |
| Drove alone to work | 75.3% ±8.7 pts | 80.1% | – |
| Carpooled | 12.6% ±10.0 pts | 9.1% | – |
| Public transportation | 0.0% ±3.9 pts | 0.0% | – |
| Walked | 2.0% ±2.2 pts | 1.7% | – |
| Worked from home | 10.1% ±5.7 pts | 7.0% | – |
| Mean travel time to work | 20.2 min ±4.1 | 27.0 min | no clear change |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP03) · Check it at data.census.gov
What census tracts are in Madison?
1 census tract lies mostly in Madison, and 2 more reach into it (2020 census blocks).
| Tract | Residents, 2020-2024 | Median household income |
|---|---|---|
| Tract 408Rockingham County | 1,783 | $56,875 |
| Tract 410.01Rockingham County | 7,217 | $62,607 |
| Tract 407Rockingham County | 4,125 | $58,333 |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026); 2020 block assignment files (tract share = share of the tract's census blocks in Madison) · Census block assignment files
How does Madison compare with other places in North Carolina?
By the Census Bureau's July 2025 estimates, Madison is the 7,372nd-most populous of the 19,476 U.S. incorporated places that have one and the 251st-most populous of 549 in North Carolina.
Madison ranks 300th of 434 places in North Carolina with 1,000 or more residents and a reliable estimate, by median household income.
| Measure | Rank | Of |
|---|---|---|
| Population, July 2025 estimate | 251st | 549 |
| Growth 2020-2025 (PEP) | 213th | 331 |
| Residents per square mile | 326th | 443 |
| Median household income | 300th | 434 |
| Per capita income | 254th | 443 |
| Median home value | 326th | 438 |
| Median gross rent | 294th | 395 |
| Poverty rate | 271st | 341 |
| Bachelor's degree or higher | 359th | 421 |
| Median age | 92nd | 442 |
| Owner-occupied share | 304th | 443 |
| Work from home | 198th | 279 |
| Travel time to work | 353rd | 439 |
Madison's figures with every place in North Carolina (CSV)
Every place in North Carolina, sortable · Compare Madison with other places
Source: PlainCities ranks computed from the American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) and PEP Vintage 2025 · How ranks are computed
How reliable are the figures for Madison?
18 of the 57 figures for Madison on this page carry a coefficient of variation over 40% and are marked with a ring: they come from a small sample, so read them as rough.
The American Community Survey samples about one household in eight over five years, so every figure is an estimate with a 90% margin of error (shown under each value). A ring marks an estimate whose coefficient of variation is over 40%. A change is called only when the gap between the two periods is larger than their combined 90% margin (the square root of the sum of the two squared margins), the Census Bureau's test. How to read a margin of error.
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026): margins of error as published · ACS technical documentation
How these figures are made: methodology and release checks · reading a margin of error · every state · corrections
Not on this page: crime, weather and schools for Madison are other agencies' records. Crime: the FBI's Crime Data Explorer · climate: NOAA's U.S. Climate Normals · schools: the National Center for Education Statistics' public schools in Madison.