City profile · Texas · Census ACS 2023

Elsa, TX

Elsa's Census ACS profile: residents, income, housing, and the joined public-record layers available for this place.

5,688
Residents
$55,519
Median income
$90,600
Median home
$1,149
Median rent (state)
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Side-by-side metrics and state or size-class ranks use the same Census and FBI fields shown on this profile. Results stay in the URL so you can bookmark or share them.

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Starting with Elsa, TX - add up to three more cities on the compare page.

See how it ranks

State rank, size-class rank, and four peer cities for Elsa.

Place dossier plate

Sheet TX-ELSA-TX · Elsa, TX 5,688 pop · income 28th pct

POP-TOWN · INC-MID · COL-PAR · SAFE-BOTTOM · RANK-LOWER · PHOTO-FINISH · HOME-LOW · BOOK-UNK

  • POP-TOWN 5,688
  • INC-MID $55,519
  • COL-PAR 97.1
  • SAFE-BOTTOM 13th pct
  • RANK-LOWER 28th
  • PHOTO-FINISH ≈ Happy Valley
  • HOME-LOW $90,600
  • BOOK-UNK Tracts pending

Nearest income peer: Happy Valley, AK (+ $2 income $)

Instrument codes from this place’s ACS population and household income, BEA state COL, FBI safety, national income percentile, photo-finish peer city, home-value band, and matched Census-tract book - not a moving recommendation.

Income neighbourhood around Elsa

Lowest/highest poles plus peers nearest Elsa on median household income. Full ladder: /browse and /rankings.

median HH income

What this shows Neighbourhood peers only - not a full nationwide city board. Open a near peer when the gap is small; open the poles when the spread is wide.

Source U.S. Census Bureau · ACS 5-Year Estimates As of 2026-08-08

Compare beyond this state

Nationwide peers by population, income, and FBI crime rate

Out-of-state nearest neighbors for Elsa on ACS population and median household income , plus FBI UCR reporting rate when the extract covers this place. Link sets are deduped so each column is a distinct comparison path, not a forecast that peers share a labor market or climate.

Similar population

Nearest out-of-state cities by ACS population. This city: 5,688.

4 peers

Similar household income

Nearest out-of-state cities by ACS median household income. This city: $55,519. Population peers are excluded.

4 peers

Similar FBI crime rate

Nearest out-of-state cities by UCR crimes per 100,000. This city: 3314.6. Population and income peers are excluded.

4 peers

Agency-reported UCR totals per 100,000 population, not a neighborhood safety grade or a prediction of personal risk.

Elsa - the verdict

Elsa ranks in the 28th percentile for household income and the 13th percentile for safety nationally, out of every US city with at least 1,000 residents. Source: Census ACS + FBI UCR.

28th
percentile, household income
7th
percentile, home value
40th
percentile, median rent
13th
percentile, safety
📝 How we sourced this

Population, income, and housing-cost figures come from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 5-year estimates (B-series tables). Crime data uses FBI UCR; climate uses NOAA Climate Normals; school counts come from NCES Common Core of Data; permits use the Census Building Permits Survey (BPS). See our methodology page for the full ETL pipeline and OMB / FIPS join keys.

Data Snapshot: Elsa, TX

Elsa is a small town in Texas, home to 5,688 residents per U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2023 estimates. Elsa households earn a median of $55,519 annually, below the median for U.S. cities on this measure, with a poverty rate of 11.7%. Elsa's housing stock carries a median value of $90,600, and the median resident age is 31.2 years. About 12.2% of adults hold a bachelor's degree or higher, while 60.0% of working-age residents are in the labor force.

Housing supply pressure shows in Census Building Permit Survey data: 44 residential units were authorized in 2024 (Building Boom), up 214% from five years earlier. Elsa's reported crime rate runs above the national norm: the FBI's Uniform Crime Reporting program logs 3314.6 total incidents per 100,000 residents here, above the national average (agency reporting is voluntary, so this measures reporting activity, not a definitive danger score).

Texas tracks close to the national cost-of-living baseline: BEA Regional Price Parities 2024 puts Texas at 97.1 on a 100-equals-national-average scale (Near Average). A typical two-bedroom carries a HUD Fair Market Rent of $1,149 per month statewide. Monthly utility costs average around $223 across Texas, per EIA 2023 residential energy estimates. Natural-hazard exposure scores 49.0 out of 100 on FEMA's National Risk Index (Low).

A decision-led reading path

Useful questions to ask of Elsa's data

How this reading path is ordered

This is not a composite city score. It is a city-specific route through the available public records, ordered for this profile so the page starts with questions the joined data can actually answer. The route here runs from work and mobility to housing and income to comparison shortlist to schools and households to reported crime to population change; another city can have a different sequence or fewer supported layers because the source joins are not uniform.

For Elsa, city-specific coverage includes matched public-school count, annual population history, local building permits, commute-mode shares, FBI reported-crime rates. No matched row is reported here for within-city Census tract profiles; the page leaves those layers out instead of substituting a statewide or national value.

1. Work and mobility

What does the journey to work look like in Elsa?

Mode share answers how workers usually travel; it does not measure congestion, reliability, distance to a particular job, or the quality of transit service. No single mode completely explains the work trip here. The mix is more useful than a one-number commute grade, especially when comparing places where transit, walking, and remote work divide the non-driving share differently.

Driving alone is the largest reported mode at 83.2%. A reliable mean commute time is not available for this row, so the mode shares carry the comparison.

Compare commute patterns →

Question 2

How far does income reach against housing in Elsa?

The home-value-to-income reference is relatively compact: the ACS median home value is 1.6 times median household income. The ACS poverty estimate is 11.7%, which keeps the citywide median from describing every household.

This is a citywide price-to-income reference, not a mortgage-affordability test; it does not include interest rates, taxes, insurance, household size, or an individual buyer's down payment. The ratio makes housing the clearest place to start this profile, but a low multiple can coexist with slow demand, older stock, or household-level hardship. Compare the home-value distribution and same-state peer table before treating it as an advantage.

Compare the housing trade-off →

Question 3

Which cities make useful reference points for Elsa?

Within Texas, the closest population matches are Kermit (5,681 residents, $90,181 income); Hutchins (5,713 residents, $45,250 income); Yoakum (5,649 residents, $49,950 income). Outside the state, the closest population matches in this dataset are Punxsutawney, PA (5,689 residents); Siesta Key, FL (5,690 residents); Genoa, IL (5,685 residents). A third, income-matched reference set of 6 out-of-state cities sits in the income neighbourhood chart near the Place Dossier plate. These are mechanical peer sets, not claims that the places share a labor market, climate, culture, or metro context.

Use the in-state set to hold state policy and broad price conditions more nearly constant. Use the nationwide size set to ask whether cities with a similar resident count produce different housing, income, or commute outcomes. The income set is a third lens, deliberately separate from population matching. The nationwide peer panel below adds a fourth FBI UCR reporting-rate lens, not personal risk.

Open a side-by-side comparison →

Question 4

What does the education layer cover for Elsa?

The NCES join finds 7 public schools within the city match. 12.2% of adults age 25+ hold a bachelor's degree or higher in the ACS estimate. These measures answer different questions: the school count describes local institutions, while adult attainment describes residents and cannot be used as a school-quality rating.

The city has a broader matched school footprint, but count alone does not describe performance, capacity, program availability, or attendance boundaries. This profile deliberately avoids converting it into an unsupported family-friendliness score.

See how the family ranking is built →

Other supported questions

Why these stay compact

These joined records add useful context, but they do not need another full-size panel. Each remains a separate measure with its own geography and source boundary.

Reported crime

What can the FBI record say about safety in Elsa?

Treat this as a reporting-rate comparison, not a prediction of personal risk or a neighborhood-level safety grade. Tourism, daytime population, reporting practices, and variation inside the city are not adjusted away. The state rank and same-state peer table are the narrower comparisons available on this page.

The joined FBI UCR record reports 3314.6 violent and property crimes per 100,000 residents, above the 2280.5 national reference used here. The difference is 45% higher in arithmetic terms, but agency participation is voluntary and reporting completeness varies.

Property rate
3016.5
Violent rate
298.1
Total reported rate
3314.6

FBI Uniform Crime Reporting, incidents per 100,000. Voluntary agency reporting; not a danger score.

Review the safety ranking method →

Population change

Is Elsa growing, shrinking, or holding steady?

Recent estimates point upward. Growth can increase housing demand and service needs, but the permit record must move in the same direction before calling it a supply response; the two series measure different things.

Census PEP estimates show the population grew by +144 residents from 2020 to 2025, a +2.5% change. Separately, Census BPS recorded 44 housing units authorized in 2024. PEP and ACS are different Census series, so the trend is kept separate from the headline ACS population.

Period change
+2.5%
2025 estimate
5,820
2020 estimate
5,676

Census Population Estimates Program, 2020–2025; permit context uses Census BPS.

See the national growth ranking →

Population

5,688 residents

Micro place (under 10k)

Median Household Income

$55,519 /yr

Below median income · poverty 11.7% (Above-median poverty)

Cost of Living Index (state)

97.1 (US=100)

Near national cost · BEA RPP 2024, Texas average

City profile score · Elsa, TX

33/100

5 published dimensions · ACS/FBI 2023

Comparative score against U.S. cities with population of 1,000 or more on Census ACS medians (income, poverty, bachelor's share, cost of living) and FBI UCR violent-crime rates when published. Higher means a stronger standing on those published figures, not a livability rating, not a recommendation to move, buy, or pick a "best" city. Missing inputs drop out and redistribute weight. How it is calculated.

Cost of living C-
97.1 index

BEA state Regional Price Parities index (100 ≈ national average); lower is stronger on this axis. Same value for every city in the state.

Poverty rate F
11.7%

Share of residents below the poverty line; lower scores better on this axis.

Violent crime F
298 /100k

FBI UCR violent offenses per 100,000 residents; lower is stronger on this axis.

Household income F
$55,519

Median household income vs U.S. cities (pop ≥1,000); ACS.

Bachelor's+ share F
12.2%

Adults with a bachelor's degree or higher; ACS.

Elsa profile (scored ACS/FBI dimensions) 5-axis radar comparing 1 series across Cost of living, Poverty rate, Violent crime, Household income, Bachelor's+ share. Cost of livingPoverty rateViolent crimeHousehold incomeBachelor's+ share 33 F
Elsa profile (scored ACS/FBI dimensions)
Read the chart values
  • Cost of living: 53/100 (C-) · 97.1 index
  • Poverty rate: 33/100 (F) · 11.7%
  • Violent crime: 33/100 (F) · 298 /100k
  • Household income: 28/100 (F) · $55,519
  • Bachelor's+ share: 12/100 (F) · 12.2%

Where Elsa sits on home value vs crime among peer cities

Elsa's median home value and FBI crime rate plotted with similar-size and same-state peers (padded with large cities when the peer set is thin). The second read: pricey does not always mean safer, check which quadrant this city lands in.

Census ACS median home value vs FBI UCR crime rate - Elsa highlighted among 10 peers. 2×2 strategic matrix plotting 10 entities by Median home value ($) (X) and Crime rate (per 100k, lower = safer) (Y), with a crosshair dividing the plot into four quadrants. Pricier, lower crimeAffordable, lower crimePricier, higher crimeAffordable, higher crime $0$100,000$200,000$300,000$400,000$500,000 01,0002,0003,0004,0005,000 Median home value ($) Crime rate (per 100k, lower = safer) Elsa, TXPunxsutawney, PAZeeland, MIMilton, WIKermit, TXHutchins, TXYoakum, TXLivingston, TXLavon, TXBowie, TX
Census ACS median home value vs FBI UCR crime rate - Elsa highlighted among 10 peers.
Read the chart values
  • Elsa, TX (this city): home $90,600, crime 3,315/100k
  • Punxsutawney, PA : home $102,500, crime 773/100k
  • Zeeland, MI : home $248,100, crime 641/100k
  • Milton, WI : home $210,500, crime 461/100k
  • Kermit, TX : home $119,300, crime 631/100k
  • Hutchins, TX : home $95,500, crime 3,975/100k
  • Yoakum, TX : home $134,100, crime 992/100k
  • Livingston, TX : home $158,100, crime 3,772/100k
  • Lavon, TX : home $386,600, crime 1,895/100k
  • Bowie, TX : home $182,400, crime 2,082/100k

How does Elsa compare to other US cities?

Here's how Elsa stacks up against the full field of US cities (population 1,000+), computed live from Census and FBI data.

Household income 28% higher than other cities
Home value 7% pricier than other cities
Median rent 40% pricier than other cities
Safety 13% safer than other cities

"Safer than" reflects total crime rate from FBI UCR; the others use Census ACS estimates.

Zoom in to just Texas and the picture shifts: Elsa ranks #574 of 624 Texas cities by lowest crime rate, a different read than the national percentile above.

How we calculate these percentiles & ranks

Each percentile compares Elsa against every qualifying US city; each in-state rank narrows that to Texas only. Full formula and direction notes: methodology.

Texas-relative analysis

Median Gross Rent places Elsa near the bottom of Texas's cities

Among the 1,663 Texas cities PlainCities tracks with reported median gross rent data, Elsa ranks #1 - the 0th percentile within the state. This is a different, narrower cut than the nationwide percentiles above: it compares Elsa only against its own state's cities, not the full US field.

Median Household Income
#985 of 1,520
35th percentile in Texas
Median Gross Rent
#1 of 1,663
0th percentile in Texas
Median Home Value
#1,208 of 1,505
20th percentile in Texas
Poverty Rate
#661 of 1,663
60th percentile in Texas
Bachelor's Degree or Higher
#1,133 of 1,663
32nd percentile in Texas
How in-state ranks are ordered

Ranked by raw value (highest first); a higher rank is not automatically "better" for every measure, see each metric's own context above. This is a comparison within Texas only, not a livability score. See the methodology for the source and calculation.

28thIncome percentile
13thSafety percentile
Gauge source note

28th percentile nationally for median household income · 13th percentile for safety (lower crime rate). Source: Census ACS 2023 / FBI UCR 2023.

Elsa's profile vs. every US city

Income, affordability, and safety percentile

Elsa's percentile rank on 3 favorable-direction measures (income, affordability, safety) vs. every tracked US city -- higher on every axis is more favorable. Not a composite quality score, just the arithmetic mean of the axes shown. 3-axis radar comparing 1 series across Income, Affordability, Safety. IncomeAffordabilitySafety 39 Avg. percentile National median
Elsa's percentile rank on 3 favorable-direction measures (income, affordability, safety) vs. every tracked US city -- higher on every axis is more favorable. Not a composite quality score, just the arithmetic mean of the axes shown.

How Elsa's home value compares nationally

Median home value vs. every US city (population 1,000+)

$90,600 Among the most affordable more affordable than 93% of 15,600 US cities

Show national distribution $0–$25,000: 5 US cities (0%). Below this entry. $25,000–$50,000: 54 US cities (0%). Below this entry. $50,000–$75,000: 352 US cities (2%). Below this entry. $75,000–$100,000: 1,086 US cities (7%). This entry sits in this band. $100,000–$125,000: 1,516 US cities (10%). Above this entry. $125,000–$150,000: 1,170 US cities (8%). Above this entry. $150,000–$175,000: 1,278 US cities (8%). Above this entry. $175,000–$200,000: 1,229 US cities (8%). Above this entry. $200,000–$225,000: 1,035 US cities (7%). Above this entry. $225,000–$250,000: 976 US cities (6%). Above this entry. $250,000–$275,000: 754 US cities (5%). Above this entry. $275,000–$300,000: 712 US cities (5%). Above this entry. $300,000–$325,000: 521 US cities (3%). Above this entry. $325,000–$350,000: 526 US cities (3%). Above this entry. $350,000–$375,000: 465 US cities (3%). Above this entry. $375,000–$400,000: 393 US cities (3%). Above this entry. $400,000–$425,000: 317 US cities (2%). Above this entry. $425,000–$450,000: 300 US cities (2%). Above this entry. $450,000–$475,000: 307 US cities (2%). Above this entry. $475,000–$500,000: 250 US cities (2%). Above this entry. $500,000–$525,000: 160 US cities (1%). Above this entry. $525,000–$550,000: 156 US cities (1%). Above this entry. $550,000–$575,000: 172 US cities (1%). Above this entry. $575,000–$600,000: 172 US cities (1%). Above this entry. $600,000–$625,000: 163 US cities (1%). Above this entry. $625,000–$650,000: 167 US cities (1%). Above this entry. $650,000–$675,000: 135 US cities (1%). Above this entry. $675,000–$700,000: 101 US cities (1%). Above this entry. $700,000–$725,000: 95 US cities (1%). Above this entry. $725,000–$750,000: 71 US cities (0%). Above this entry. $750,000–$775,000: 65 US cities (0%). Above this entry. $775,000–$800,000: 70 US cities (0%). Above this entry. $800,000–$825,000: 57 US cities (0%). Above this entry. $825,000–$850,000: 67 US cities (0%). Above this entry. $850,000–$875,000: 60 US cities (0%). Above this entry. $875,000–$900,000: 58 US cities (0%). Above this entry. $900,000–$925,000: 47 US cities (0%). Above this entry. $925,000–$950,000: 37 US cities (0%). Above this entry. $950,000–$975,000: 31 US cities (0%). Above this entry. $975,000–$1,000,000: 470 US cities (3%). Above this entry. $1,000,000–$1,025,000: 0 US cities (0%). Above this entry. Elsa $0 $1,025,000 every US city, bucketed by value

Each bar is a $25K-wide band; taller bars hold more US cities. The dashed line + filled bar mark this entry. Hover or tap any bar for its full count, share, and where it sits relative to this entry.

Source U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates · 2023

Elsa's home-value-to-income ratio: 1.6×

ACS median home value divided by median household income.

Band
affordable
< 3.0×
National rank
#622 of 15,516
More affordable than 96% of tracked cities (pop. 1,000+)
Size class
#608 of 11,323
Micro cities (under 10,000)

At 1.6×, Elsa sits in the affordable band: national rank #622 of 15,516 and #608 of 11,323micro cities (under 10,000). The multiple is comparatively compact among tracked cities, but a low ratio can still coexist with slow demand or household-level hardship.

How this ratio is calculated

Ratio = Census ACS 2023 median home value ÷ median household income for cities with both fields and population ≥ 1,000. Rank 1 = lowest ratio (most compact). Bands match the fleet affordability thresholds used on guides (<3.0 / 3.0–5.0 / >5.0). This is not a mortgage payment estimate and does not include rates, taxes, insurance, or down payment.

Income distribution context

$55,519 Elsa, TX median household income (Census ACS)

Show U.S. national quintile / Lorenz context Household income distribution - Elsa, TX Elsa, TX's median household income ($55,519) against the U.S. national quintile-share pattern. The Lorenz curve and quintile bars are national context, not Elsa, TX-specific shares. $ Household Income Distribution Elsa, TX median $55,519/yr, vs. U.S. national quintile pattern QUINTILE SHARE OF AGGREGATE INCOME Lowest 20% 3.4% Second 20% 9.2% Middle 20% 15.1% Fourth 20% 23.2% Top 20% 49.1% LORENZ CURVE cumulative income vs. population 100% 0% 100% pop. 0%
Elsa, TX median household income (Census ACS 5-year) with U.S. national quintile shares for context. Diagonal = equality; the curve is national, not computed for Elsa, TX.

Key socioeconomic indicators

Bachelor's degree or higher (adults 25+) 12.2%

Census ACS S1501, educational attainment

Poverty rate (households below FPL) 11.7%

Census ACS S1701, poverty status

Labor force participation (adults 16+) 60.0%

Census ACS S2301, share of working-age residents in the labor force

Population
5,688
Median Income
$55,519
Median Home Value
$90,600
Median Age
31.2
Poverty Rate
11.7%
Labor force participation
60.0%
Bachelor's Degree+
12.2%

Safety & Crime

Total Crime Rate
3314.6
per 100,000 residents
Violent Crime
298.1
per 100,000 residents
Property Crime
3016.5
per 100,000 residents
Crime reporting caveat

Reflects incidents reported to the FBI's Uniform Crime Reporting program — agency participation is voluntary and reporting completeness varies by jurisdiction and year, so this reflects reporting activity, not a definitive danger score. Not adjusted for tourism, commuter, or daytime population.

Schools

Total Schools
7
Public schools in this city

Population Change

PEP vintage

Annual U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates Program (PEP) estimates, 2020–2025

See the fastest-growing cities →
5,650 residents5,700 residents5,750 residents5,800 residents5,850 residents 202020212022202320242025 5,676 residents 5,820 residents ▲ +2.5%
Elsa's Census PEP population estimates, 2020–2025.
Read the chart as text
Period Population
2020 5,676 residents
2021 5,677 residents
2022 5,689 residents
2023 5,741 residents
2024 5,773 residents
2025 5,820 residents

Housing Supply

BPS source

Census Bureau Building Permits Survey (BPS) - annual residential permits authorized

📈 Building Boom
Total Permits (2024)
44
housing units authorized
Single-Family
44
detached homes
Multifamily
0
apartments & condos
Supply Intensity
7.7
permits per 1,000 residents

5-Year Permit Trend (2019–2024)

Year Total
2019 14
2020 17
2021 22
2022 28
2023 28
2024 44

Permit volume increased 214% from 2019 to 2024.

Commute Patterns

Commute source

How workers travel to work, Census ACS 2023

Drive Alone
83.2%
Carpool
5.1%
Public Transit
0.0%
Walk
0.0%
Work from Home
6.4%
Other
5.3%

Based on 2,530 workers 16 and over.

Monthly Utility Costs

Texas statewide monthly utility average (EIA 2023): $223

EIA 2023 residential energy data puts average monthly utilities across Texas at $223 (electricity about $130 , water and sewer about $48 ).

These are Texas statewide averages, not a meter reading for Elsa. Actual bills vary by home size, usage, and local rates. Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) 2023.

Living Costs & Risk

Texas's BEA cost-of-living index is 97.1 (Near Average; US average = 100, RPP 2024). HUD Fair Market Rent for a typical two-bedroom in the county around Elsa is $1,149/mo. FEMA's National Risk Index, averaged to Texas statewide on PlainCities, rates natural-hazard exposure at 49.0 / 100 (Low).

Cost/risk geography note

Cost of living is a Texas statewide BEA average; rent is a county-level HUD Fair Market Rent for the county Elsa sits in; the FEMA hazard score shown here is a statewide average of county NRI inputs, not a parcel-level reading.

How Elsa compares to similar-size Texas cities

Same-state peer method

Closest same-state population matches, not geographic neighbors. Population + median household income come from Census Bureau ACS 5-year B01001 and B19013.

City Population Median Household Income
Elsa (this city) 5,688 $55,519
Kermit 5,681 $90,181
Hutchins 5,713 $45,250
Yoakum 5,649 $49,950
FBI UCR NCES CCD Census BPS 2024
Primary sources on this page

Source: U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year 2023, FBI UCR, NCES CCD, Census BPS 2024, Census ACS B08301/B08136, U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) 2023, BEA Regional Price Parities 2024, HUD Fair Market Rents 2026, FEMA National Risk Index.

Citation & verification links Data sourced from the U.S. Census Bureau. See our methodology for details. Retrieved and formatted by PlainCities

Primary sources: Census ACS, FBI UCR, NOAA Climate Normals, NCES. Joins use OMB Bulletin 23-01 / FIPS keys.

Browse all city profiles → · Explore city rankings →

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Estimate caveats

ACS and UCR figures are citywide estimates with vintage lags; they do not replace a local visit, school visit, or insurance quote.

Editorial standards, provenance, and how to cite this page

Every figure on PlainCities is rendered directly from Census ACS source data, no number is typed in by an editor. This page draws directly on Census ACS source data, no figure is typed in by an editor. See our editorial standards & corrections policy, the methodology behind these numbers, or report a data error.

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