Town · Vermont
Derby, Vermont
Derby, town, in Orleans County, Vermont. Derby had 4,456 residents on July 1, 2025 by the Census Bureau's estimate, down 2.6% since 2020; the 2020 Census counted 4,579 and the ACS 2020-2024 5-year estimates put it at 4,537 (±23). GEOID 5001917350.
Residents, July 2025 estimate
4,456
Census Bureau estimate (no margin published)
2020 Census count: 4,579 · ACS 2020-2024: 4,537 ±23
Median household income
$80,250
±$7,555 (90% margin)
Vermont: $81,203
Median home value
$225,000
±$9,846 (90% margin)
Vermont: $316,600
Median gross rent
$1,096
±$118 (90% margin)
Vermont: $1,234
Where is Derby and what county is it in?
Derby is a town in Orleans County, Vermont. It covers 49.0 square miles of land, 93 residents per square mile in 2020.
2 places lie inside Derby: Derby Line (village, 687 in 2020) and Derby Center (village, 635 in 2020).
Source: 2024 Gazetteer and 2020 place-by-county files, U.S. Census Bureau · Census reference files
How many people live in Derby, and is it growing?
The Census Bureau estimates that 4,456 people lived in Derby on July 1, 2025, down 2.6% since 2020, while Vermont grew 0.2%. The 2020 Census counted 4,579 residents. The 2020-2024 American Community Survey, a five-year sample, puts the population at 4,537 (±23).
| Measure | Derby | Orleans County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total population | 4,537±23 | 27,606 | +239 |
| Households | 2,224±129 | 12,072 | +376 |
| Average household size | 2.03±0.12 | 2.22 | −0.28 |
| Housing units | 2,684±157 | 16,751 | +311 |
Derby's population since 2000
From 4,604 in 2000 to 4,456 in 2025: down 3.2%. The 2000, 2010 and 2020 figures are census counts, each for Derby as it was drawn that year: a place that annexed land, or a community that has since incorporated, covered a different area then. The 2005 figure is the Census Bureau's intercensal estimate, revised to fit the 2000 and 2010 counts and drawn on 2010 boundaries; 2015 and 2025 are July 1 estimates made from the census before them.
Source: The 2000, 2010 and 2020 Census counts and the Census Bureau's population estimates (intercensal 2000-2010, Vintage 2020, Vintage 2025) · Census population estimates
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026); Census PEP Vintage 2025 (SUB-EST2025, CO-EST2025); 2020 Census P.L. 94-171 · Check it at data.census.gov
Who lives in Derby?
The median resident of Derby is 51.6 years old; 15.7% are under 18 and 27.2% are 65 or older. The largest group is non-Hispanic white residents at 94.7%, then non-Hispanic Black residents at 1.8%. 6.3% of residents were born outside the United States.
| Measure | Derby | Orleans County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median age | 51.6±2.1 | 45.7 | +4.8 |
| Under 18 years | 15.7%±3.3 pts | 19.4% | – |
| 65 years and over | 27.2%±4.1 pts | 23.9% | – |
| Male | 49.1%±3.1 pts | 50.7% | – |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 0.7%±0.7 pts | 1.9% | – |
| White alone, not Hispanic | 94.7%±1.9 pts | 92.7% | no clear change |
| Black or African American alone, not Hispanic | 1.8%±1.2 pts | 0.9% | – |
| Asian alone, not Hispanic | 1.5%±1.2 pts | 0.6% | – |
| American Indian and Alaska Native alone, not Hispanic | 0.1%±0.2 pts | 0.4% | – |
| Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, not Hispanic | 0.0%±0.5 pts | 0.0% | – |
| Two or more races, not Hispanic | 1.2%±0.7 pts | 3.3% | – |
| Some other race alone, not Hispanic | 0.0%±0.5 pts | 0.2% | – |
| Born outside the United States | 6.3%±1.9 pts | 3.5% | no clear change |
| Speak a language other than English at home (age 5+) | 8.4%±2.8 pts | 5.9% | – |
| Civilian veterans (age 18+) | 9.4%±2.9 pts | 8.9% | – |
| With a disability | 16.3%±3.5 pts | 17.3% | – |
| No health insurance coverage | 3.3%±1.7 pts | 4.4% | no clear change |
| High school graduate or higher (age 25+) | 93.1%±2.8 pts | 92.2% | – |
| Bachelor's degree or higher (age 25+) | 36.8%±6.6 pts | 30.5% | +14.5 pts |
| Graduate or professional degree (age 25+) | 13.9%±3.7 pts | 12.0% | – |
| Lived in the same house a year earlier | 87.1%±4.7 pts | 88.8% | – |
| Moved from another state in the past year | 3.4%±3.3 pts | 3.6% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profiles DP02, DP05) · Check it at data.census.gov
What do households in Derby earn?
Half of Derby's 2,224 households earn less than $80,250 a year (±$7,555), against $70,103 in Orleans County and $81,203 in Vermont. In 2015-2019 the median was $68,796 in 2024 dollars, so it rose by $11,454 after inflation. 7.4% of residents live below the poverty line.
| Measure | Derby | Orleans County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median household income | $80,250±$7,555 | $70,103 | +$11,454 |
| Mean household income | $93,488±$7,996 | $91,659 | – |
| Per capita income | $44,790±$3,666 | $40,041 | +$9,214 |
| People below the poverty line | 7.4%±2.8 pts | 11.7% | no clear change |
| Children under 18 below the poverty line | 3.8%±4.5 pts | 14.7% | – |
| Households receiving SNAP | 10.8%±3.4 pts | 14.4% | – |
| Households with a computer | 92.8%±3.3 pts | 93.4% | – |
| Households with a broadband subscription | 89.3%±4.1 pts | 89.0% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP03) · Check it at data.census.gov
What does housing cost in Derby?
Owners occupy 84.7% of Derby's occupied homes and renters 15.3%. The median owner-occupied home is valued at $225,000 by its owner (±$9,846). The median renter pays $1,096 a month including utilities, and 35.4% of renters pay 35% or more of their income on rent.
| Measure | Derby | Orleans County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median home value (owner-occupied) | $225,000±$9,846 | $223,400 | no clear change |
| Median gross rent | $1,096±$118 | $892 | no clear change |
| Renters paying 35% or more of income on rent | 35.4%±15.6 pts | 35.2% | no clear change |
| Median monthly owner costs, with a mortgage | $1,744±$198 | $1,654 | – |
| Owner-occupied homes | 84.7%±3.6 pts | 79.7% | no clear change |
| Renter-occupied homes | 15.3%±3.6 pts | 20.3% | – |
| Housing units | 2,684±157 | 16,751 | +311 |
| Homeowner vacancy rate | 0.7%±1.1 pts | 0.8% | – |
| Rental vacancy rate | 0.0%±7.1 pts | 1.2% | – |
| Single-family detached homes | 79.4%±4.0 pts | 76.8% | – |
| Mobile homes | 11.3%±3.3 pts | 7.8% | – |
| Built 2020 or later | 0.2%±0.3 pts | 0.9% | – |
| Built 2010 to 2019 | 4.4%±2.8 pts | 5.8% | – |
| Built 1939 or earlier | 14.3%±3.5 pts | 23.0% | – |
| Households with no vehicle | 5.5%±2.9 pts | 6.4% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP04) · Check it at data.census.gov
How many new homes is Derby building?
Builders took permits for 8 new housing units in Derby in 2025 (8 in single-family houses), 1.8 per 1,000 residents against 3.6 across Vermont.
Counts of units in permits a local office issued; not every permitted unit is built. A year marked with months was reported for part of the year.
Source: Building Permits Survey, annual place files 2019-2025, U.S. Census Bureau · Census Building Permits Survey
How do people in Derby work and get to work?
74.8% of Derby's workers drive alone and 10.6% work from home. The average trip to work takes 32.4 minutes. The unemployment rate in 2020-2024 averaged 8.5%.
| Measure | Derby | Orleans County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| In the labor force (age 16+) | 61.8%±4.8 pts | 61.4% | – |
| Unemployment rate | 8.5%±5.4 pts | 5.3% | – |
| Drove alone to work | 74.8%±6.6 pts | 73.7% | – |
| Carpooled | 12.4%±5.5 pts | 9.1% | – |
| Public transportation | 0.2%±0.3 pts | 0.1% | – |
| Walked | 1.4%±1.0 pts | 3.4% | – |
| Worked from home | 10.6%±3.3 pts | 12.5% | +4.8 pts |
| Mean travel time to work | 32.4 min±8.1 | 29.0 min | +12.6 min |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP03) · Check it at data.census.gov
What census tracts are in Derby?
2 census tracts lie mostly in Derby (2020 census blocks). Their median household incomes run from $79,858 (Tract 9512) to $80,729 (Tract 9513).
| Tract | Residents, 2020-2024 | Median household income |
|---|---|---|
| Tract 9512Orleans County | 2,696 | $79,858 |
| Tract 9513Orleans County | 1,841 | $80,729 |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026); 2020 block assignment files (tract share = share of the tract's census blocks in Derby) · Census block assignment files
How does Derby compare with other places in Vermont?
By the Census Bureau's July 2025 estimates, Derby is the 2,548th-most populous of the 16,079 U.S. towns and townships that have one and the 26th-most populous of 237 in Vermont.
Derby ranks 89th of 198 places in Vermont with 1,000 or more residents and a reliable estimate, by median household income.
| Measure | Rank | Of |
|---|---|---|
| Population, July 2025 estimate | 26th | 237 |
| Growth 2020-2025 (PEP) | 152nd | 173 |
| Residents per square mile | 86th | 202 |
| Median household income | 89th | 198 |
| Per capita income | 91st | 202 |
| Median home value | 152nd | 201 |
| Median gross rent | 105th | 187 |
| Poverty rate | 119th | 162 |
| Bachelor's degree or higher | 111th | 200 |
| Median age | 31st | 202 |
| Owner-occupied share | 68th | 201 |
| Work from home | 151st | 185 |
| Travel time to work | 20th | 202 |
Derby's figures with every place in Vermont (CSV)
Every place in Vermont, sortable · Compare Derby with other places
Source: PlainCities ranks computed from the American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) and PEP Vintage 2025 · How ranks are computed
How reliable are the figures for Derby?
13 of the 57 figures for Derby on this page carry a coefficient of variation over 40% and are marked with a ring: they come from a small sample, so read them as rough.
The American Community Survey samples about one household in eight over five years, so every figure is an estimate with a 90% margin of error (shown under each value). A ring marks an estimate whose coefficient of variation is over 40%. A change is called only when the gap between the two periods is larger than their combined 90% margin (the square root of the sum of the two squared margins), the Census Bureau's test. How to read a margin of error.
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026): margins of error as published · ACS technical documentation
How these figures are made: methodology and release checks · reading a margin of error · every state · corrections
Not on this page: crime, weather and schools for Derby are other agencies' records. Crime: the FBI's Crime Data Explorer · climate: NOAA's U.S. Climate Normals · schools: the National Center for Education Statistics' school search.