Town · Vermont
Rockingham, Vermont
Rockingham, town, in Windham County, Vermont. Rockingham had 4,697 residents on July 1, 2025 by the Census Bureau's estimate, down 3.0% since 2020; the 2020 Census counted 4,832 and the ACS 2020-2024 5-year estimates put it at 4,807 (±16). GEOID 5002560250.
Residents, July 2025 estimate
4,697
Census Bureau estimate (no margin published)
2020 Census count: 4,832 · ACS 2020-2024: 4,807 ±16
Median household income
$70,857
±$16,152 (90% margin)
Vermont: $81,203
Median home value
$210,900
±$13,764 (90% margin)
Vermont: $316,600
Median gross rent
$1,062
±$101 (90% margin)
Vermont: $1,234
Where is Rockingham and what county is it in?
Rockingham is a town in Windham County, Vermont. It covers 41.4 square miles of land, 117 residents per square mile in 2020.
2 places lie inside Rockingham: Bellows Falls (village, 2,747 in 2020) and Saxtons River (village, 479 in 2020).
Rockingham is in the Brattleboro, VT micropolitan statistical area (Census Bureau delineation, July 2023).
Source: 2024 Gazetteer and 2020 place-by-county files, U.S. Census Bureau · Census reference files
How many people live in Rockingham, and is it growing?
The Census Bureau estimates that 4,697 people lived in Rockingham on July 1, 2025, down 3.0% since 2020, while Vermont grew 0.2%. The 2020 Census counted 4,832 residents. The 2020-2024 American Community Survey, a five-year sample, puts the population at 4,807 (±16).
| Measure | Rockingham | Windham County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total population | 4,807±16 | 45,923 | −224 |
| Households | 2,194±140 | 19,784 | no clear change |
| Average household size | 2.15±0.14 | 2.23 | no clear change |
| Housing units | 2,667±175 | 30,183 | no clear change |
Rockingham's population since 2000
From 5,309 in 2000 to 4,697 in 2025: down 11.5%. The 2000, 2010 and 2020 figures are census counts, each for Rockingham as it was drawn that year: a place that annexed land, or a community that has since incorporated, covered a different area then. The 2005 figure is the Census Bureau's intercensal estimate, revised to fit the 2000 and 2010 counts and drawn on 2010 boundaries; 2015 and 2025 are July 1 estimates made from the census before them.
Source: The 2000, 2010 and 2020 Census counts and the Census Bureau's population estimates (intercensal 2000-2010, Vintage 2020, Vintage 2025) · Census population estimates
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026); Census PEP Vintage 2025 (SUB-EST2025, CO-EST2025); 2020 Census P.L. 94-171 · Check it at data.census.gov
Who lives in Rockingham?
The median resident of Rockingham is 46.4 years old; 19.2% are under 18 and 29.8% are 65 or older. The largest group is non-Hispanic white residents at 91.0%, then non-Hispanic residents of two or more races at 4.3%.
| Measure | Rockingham | Windham County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median age | 46.4±2.6 | 47.3 | no clear change |
| Under 18 years | 19.2%±3.1 pts | 16.8% | – |
| 65 years and over | 29.8%±5.2 pts | 25.6% | – |
| Male | 44.0%±3.5 pts | 49.6% | – |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 1.2%±1.1 pts | 3.1% | – |
| White alone, not Hispanic | 91.0%±3.6 pts | 90.1% | no clear change |
| Black or African American alone, not Hispanic | 0.4%±0.6 pts | 0.8% | – |
| Asian alone, not Hispanic | 1.9%±1.8 pts | 1.2% | – |
| American Indian and Alaska Native alone, not Hispanic | 0.0%±0.5 pts | 0.0% | – |
| Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, not Hispanic | 0.0%±0.5 pts | 0.0% | – |
| Two or more races, not Hispanic | 4.3%±2.4 pts | 4.3% | – |
| Some other race alone, not Hispanic | 1.3%±1.5 pts | 0.5% | – |
| Born outside the United States | 1.8%±1.3 pts | 2.9% | – |
| Speak a language other than English at home (age 5+) | 2.4%±1.4 pts | 3.7% | – |
| Civilian veterans (age 18+) | 7.4%±2.7 pts | 6.2% | – |
| With a disability | 13.2%±3.6 pts | 15.7% | – |
| No health insurance coverage | 3.0%±2.0 pts | 3.6% | – |
| High school graduate or higher (age 25+) | 97.9%±1.4 pts | 95.3% | – |
| Bachelor's degree or higher (age 25+) | 37.1%±5.9 pts | 44.0% | +11.7 pts |
| Graduate or professional degree (age 25+) | 20.1%±5.7 pts | 21.3% | – |
| Lived in the same house a year earlier | 91.3%±4.2 pts | 90.5% | – |
| Moved from another state in the past year | 1.6%±1.3 pts | 4.2% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profiles DP02, DP05) · Check it at data.census.gov
What do households in Rockingham earn?
Half of Rockingham's 2,194 households earn less than $70,857 a year (±$16,152), against $72,217 in Windham County and $81,203 in Vermont. In 2015-2019 it was $53,742 in 2024 dollars; the margins of error cannot tell the two periods apart. 16.7% of residents live below the poverty line.
| Measure | Rockingham | Windham County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median household income | $70,857±$16,152 | $72,217 | no clear change |
| Mean household income | $86,998±$10,302 | $99,781 | – |
| Per capita income | $40,070±$4,884 | $45,078 | +$8,591 |
| People below the poverty line | 16.7%±6.1 pts | 11.6% | no clear change |
| Children under 18 below the poverty line | 35.5%±19.9 pts | 14.4% | no clear change |
| Households receiving SNAP | 20.6%±6.2 pts | 13.3% | – |
| Households with a computer | 93.1%±3.7 pts | 94.4% | – |
| Households with a broadband subscription | 83.5%±6.7 pts | 82.4% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP03) · Check it at data.census.gov
What does housing cost in Rockingham?
Owners occupy 61.7% of Rockingham's occupied homes and renters 38.3%. The median owner-occupied home is valued at $210,900 by its owner (±$13,764). The median renter pays $1,062 a month including utilities, and 41.8% of renters pay 35% or more of their income on rent.
| Measure | Rockingham | Windham County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median home value (owner-occupied) | $210,900±$13,764 | $279,600 | +$22,727 |
| Median gross rent | $1,062±$101 | $1,056 | no clear change |
| Renters paying 35% or more of income on rent | 41.8%±13.4 pts | 37.2% | no clear change |
| Median monthly owner costs, with a mortgage | $1,527±$519 | $1,822 | – |
| Owner-occupied homes | 61.7%±6.6 pts | 73.9% | no clear change |
| Renter-occupied homes | 38.3%±6.6 pts | 26.1% | – |
| Housing units | 2,667±175 | 30,183 | no clear change |
| Homeowner vacancy rate | 0.0%±1.8 pts | 1.6% | – |
| Rental vacancy rate | 4.1%±6.0 pts | 2.6% | – |
| Single-family detached homes | 63.5%±5.4 pts | 69.0% | – |
| Mobile homes | 3.0%±2.2 pts | 4.7% | – |
| Built 2020 or later | 0.8%±0.6 pts | 1.0% | – |
| Built 2010 to 2019 | 0.9%±0.9 pts | 3.1% | – |
| Built 1939 or earlier | 55.7%±6.1 pts | 24.3% | – |
| Households with no vehicle | 14.8%±5.1 pts | 6.2% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP04) · Check it at data.census.gov
How many new homes is Rockingham building?
Builders took permits for 6 new housing units in Rockingham in 2025 (6 in single-family houses), 1.3 per 1,000 residents against 3.6 across Vermont.
Counts of units in permits a local office issued; not every permitted unit is built. A year marked with months was reported for part of the year.
Source: Building Permits Survey, annual place files 2019-2025, U.S. Census Bureau · Census Building Permits Survey
How do people in Rockingham work and get to work?
64.7% of Rockingham's workers drive alone and 17.9% work from home. The average trip to work takes 19.8 minutes.
| Measure | Rockingham | Windham County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| In the labor force (age 16+) | 65.3%±5.2 pts | 61.9% | – |
| Unemployment rate | 7.8%±5.7 pts | 4.8% | – |
| Drove alone to work | 64.7%±7.3 pts | 67.5% | – |
| Carpooled | 8.4%±4.3 pts | 6.7% | – |
| Public transportation | 0.5%±0.9 pts | 0.5% | – |
| Walked | 3.5%±2.6 pts | 5.3% | – |
| Worked from home | 17.9%±7.3 pts | 18.5% | no clear change |
| Mean travel time to work | 19.8 min±2.0 | 22.2 min | no clear change |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP03) · Check it at data.census.gov
What census tracts are in Rockingham?
2 census tracts lie mostly in Rockingham (2020 census blocks). Their median household incomes run from $56,034 (Tract 9670) to $101,563 (Tract 9671).
| Tract | Residents, 2020-2024 | Median household income |
|---|---|---|
| Tract 9670Windham County | 2,921 | $56,034 |
| Tract 9671Windham County | 1,886 | $101,563 |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026); 2020 block assignment files (tract share = share of the tract's census blocks in Rockingham) · Census block assignment files
How does Rockingham compare with other places in Vermont?
By the Census Bureau's July 2025 estimates, Rockingham is the 2,431st-most populous of the 16,079 U.S. towns and townships that have one and the 24th-most populous of 237 in Vermont.
Rockingham ranks 135th of 198 places in Vermont with 1,000 or more residents and a reliable estimate, by median household income.
| Measure | Rank | Of |
|---|---|---|
| Population, July 2025 estimate | 24th | 237 |
| Growth 2020-2025 (PEP) | 157th | 173 |
| Residents per square mile | 74th | 202 |
| Median household income | 135th | 198 |
| Per capita income | 125th | 202 |
| Median home value | 167th | 201 |
| Median gross rent | 119th | 187 |
| Poverty rate | 26th | 162 |
| Bachelor's degree or higher | 108th | 200 |
| Median age | 89th | 202 |
| Owner-occupied share | 169th | 201 |
| Work from home | 71st | 185 |
| Travel time to work | 162nd | 202 |
Rockingham's figures with every place in Vermont (CSV)
Every place in Vermont, sortable · Compare Rockingham with other places
Source: PlainCities ranks computed from the American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) and PEP Vintage 2025 · How ranks are computed
How reliable are the figures for Rockingham?
17 of the 57 figures for Rockingham on this page carry a coefficient of variation over 40% and are marked with a ring: they come from a small sample, so read them as rough.
The American Community Survey samples about one household in eight over five years, so every figure is an estimate with a 90% margin of error (shown under each value). A ring marks an estimate whose coefficient of variation is over 40%. A change is called only when the gap between the two periods is larger than their combined 90% margin (the square root of the sum of the two squared margins), the Census Bureau's test. How to read a margin of error.
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026): margins of error as published · ACS technical documentation
How these figures are made: methodology and release checks · reading a margin of error · every state · corrections
Not on this page: crime, weather and schools for Rockingham are other agencies' records. Crime: the FBI's Crime Data Explorer · climate: NOAA's U.S. Climate Normals · schools: the National Center for Education Statistics' school search.