Town · Wisconsin
Town of Caledonia, Columbia County, Wisconsin
Caledonia (town), Columbia County, town, in Columbia County, Wisconsin. Caledonia (town), Columbia County had 1,489 residents on July 1, 2025 by the Census Bureau's estimate, down 0.5% since 2020; the 2020 Census counted 1,495 and the ACS 2020-2024 5-year estimates put it at 1,408 (±248). GEOID 5502111900.
Residents, July 2025 estimate
1,489
Census Bureau estimate (no margin published)
2020 Census count: 1,495 · ACS 2020-2024: 1,408 ±248
Median household income
$98,182
±$18,244 (90% margin)
Wisconsin: $77,485
Median home value
$390,500
±$40,573 (90% margin)
Wisconsin: $266,500
Median gross rent
$967
±$55 (90% margin)
Wisconsin: $1,087
Where is Caledonia (town), Columbia County and what county is it in?
Caledonia (town), Columbia County is a town in Columbia County, Wisconsin. It covers 57.7 square miles of land, 26 residents per square mile in 2020.
Part of Lake Wisconsin (CDP) also lies in it.
Caledonia (town), Columbia County is in the Madison, WI metropolitan statistical area, which takes in 4 counties (Census Bureau delineation, July 2023).
Source: 2024 Gazetteer and 2020 place-by-county files, U.S. Census Bureau · Census reference files
How many people live in Caledonia (town), Columbia County, and is it growing?
The Census Bureau estimates that 1,489 people lived in Caledonia (town), Columbia County on July 1, 2025, down 0.5% since 2020, while Wisconsin grew 1.3%. The 2020 Census counted 1,495 residents. The 2020-2024 American Community Survey, a five-year sample, puts the population at 1,408 (±248).
| Measure | Caledonia (town), Columbia County | Columbia County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total population | 1,408±248 | 58,272 | no clear change |
| Households | 606±107 | 24,158 | no clear change |
| Average household size | 2.31±0.20 | 2.35 | no clear change |
| Housing units | 820±132 | 26,880 | no clear change |
Caledonia (town), Columbia County's population since 2000
From 1,171 in 2000 to 1,489 in 2025: up 27.2%. The 2000, 2010 and 2020 figures are census counts, each for Caledonia (town), Columbia County as it was drawn that year: a place that annexed land, or a community that has since incorporated, covered a different area then. The 2005 figure is the Census Bureau's intercensal estimate, revised to fit the 2000 and 2010 counts and drawn on 2010 boundaries; 2015 and 2025 are July 1 estimates made from the census before them.
Source: The 2000, 2010 and 2020 Census counts and the Census Bureau's population estimates (intercensal 2000-2010, Vintage 2020, Vintage 2025) · Census population estimates
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026); Census PEP Vintage 2025 (SUB-EST2025, CO-EST2025); 2020 Census P.L. 94-171 · Check it at data.census.gov
Who lives in Caledonia (town), Columbia County?
The median resident of Caledonia (town), Columbia County is 48.7 years old; 14.6% are under 18 and 25.4% are 65 or older. The largest group is non-Hispanic white residents at 89.2%, then non-Hispanic residents of two or more races at 4.9%.
| Measure | Caledonia (town), Columbia County | Columbia County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median age | 48.7±3.8 | 43.7 | no clear change |
| Under 18 years | 14.6%±5.3 pts | 20.5% | – |
| 65 years and over | 25.4%±6.5 pts | 19.6% | – |
| Male | 51.8%±4.5 pts | 51.2% | – |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 2.8%±2.2 pts | 4.1% | – |
| White alone, not Hispanic | 89.2%±6.6 pts | 90.3% | no clear change |
| Black or African American alone, not Hispanic | 1.4%±1.3 pts | 1.6% | – |
| Asian alone, not Hispanic | 0.8%±1.0 pts | 0.8% | – |
| American Indian and Alaska Native alone, not Hispanic | 0.1%±0.2 pts | 0.4% | – |
| Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, not Hispanic | 0.0%±1.6 pts | 0.0% | – |
| Two or more races, not Hispanic | 4.9%±5.4 pts | 2.6% | – |
| Some other race alone, not Hispanic | 0.8%±1.5 pts | 0.2% | – |
| Born outside the United States | 2.8%±2.3 pts | 2.4% | – |
| Speak a language other than English at home (age 5+) | 3.8%±2.5 pts | 4.5% | – |
| Civilian veterans (age 18+) | 8.3%±3.0 pts | 7.9% | – |
| With a disability | 10.9%±3.3 pts | 11.9% | – |
| No health insurance coverage | 0.9%±0.9 pts | 5.0% | – |
| High school graduate or higher (age 25+) | 94.9%±4.3 pts | 94.0% | – |
| Bachelor's degree or higher (age 25+) | 35.3%±7.5 pts | 26.0% | no clear change |
| Graduate or professional degree (age 25+) | 11.8%±3.5 pts | 8.0% | – |
| Lived in the same house a year earlier | 91.5%±3.8 pts | 90.6% | – |
| Moved from another state in the past year | 0.2%±0.5 pts | 0.6% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profiles DP02, DP05) · Check it at data.census.gov
What do households in Caledonia (town), Columbia County earn?
Half of Caledonia (town), Columbia County's 606 households earn less than $98,182 a year (±$18,244), against $85,351 in Columbia County and $77,485 in Wisconsin. In 2015-2019 it was $106,893 in 2024 dollars; the margins of error cannot tell the two periods apart. 14.2% of residents live below the poverty line.
| Measure | Caledonia (town), Columbia County | Columbia County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median household income | $98,182±$18,244 | $85,351 | no clear change |
| Mean household income | $105,352±$19,708 | $102,726 | – |
| Per capita income | $45,341±$7,550 | $42,924 | no clear change |
| People below the poverty line | 14.2%±9.3 pts | 7.8% | +10.7 pts |
| Children under 18 below the poverty line | 3.6%±4.4 pts | 8.7% | – |
| Households receiving SNAP | 5.0%±3.0 pts | 8.9% | – |
| Households with a computer | 97.5%±1.9 pts | 93.8% | – |
| Households with a broadband subscription | 88.4%±4.7 pts | 88.3% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP03) · Check it at data.census.gov
What does housing cost in Caledonia (town), Columbia County?
Owners occupy 94.9% of Caledonia (town), Columbia County's occupied homes and renters 5.1%. The median owner-occupied home is valued at $390,500 by its owner (±$40,573). The median renter pays $967 a month including utilities.
| Measure | Caledonia (town), Columbia County | Columbia County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median home value (owner-occupied) | $390,500±$40,573 | $283,200 | +$63,259 |
| Median gross rent | $967±$55 | $978 | −$307 |
| Renters paying 35% or more of income on rent | 34.6%±28.7 pts | 28.1% | – |
| Median monthly owner costs, with a mortgage | $2,092±$369 | $1,747 | – |
| Owner-occupied homes | 94.9%±3.0 pts | 76.7% | +8.1 pts |
| Renter-occupied homes | 5.1%±3.0 pts | 23.3% | – |
| Housing units | 820±132 | 26,880 | no clear change |
| Homeowner vacancy rate | 0.0%±3.8 pts | 0.6% | – |
| Rental vacancy rate | 0.0%±39.0 pts | 4.6% | – |
| Single-family detached homes | 98.4%±1.5 pts | 76.6% | – |
| Mobile homes | 1.6%±1.5 pts | 2.7% | – |
| Built 2020 or later | 5.7%±6.5 pts | 1.6% | – |
| Built 2010 to 2019 | 5.9%±3.3 pts | 5.0% | – |
| Built 1939 or earlier | 12.6%±4.9 pts | 21.7% | – |
| Households with no vehicle | 4.8%±3.6 pts | 4.4% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP04) · Check it at data.census.gov
How do people in Caledonia (town), Columbia County work and get to work?
77.2% of Caledonia (town), Columbia County's workers drive alone and 13.2% work from home. The average trip to work takes 25.5 minutes.
| Measure | Caledonia (town), Columbia County | Columbia County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| In the labor force (age 16+) | 62.6%±8.0 pts | 65.7% | – |
| Unemployment rate | 2.2%±1.7 pts | 3.1% | – |
| Drove alone to work | 77.2%±6.5 pts | 76.9% | – |
| Carpooled | 8.6%±4.4 pts | 7.0% | – |
| Public transportation | 0.0%±3.0 pts | 0.3% | – |
| Walked | 0.7%±0.9 pts | 2.2% | – |
| Worked from home | 13.2%±4.3 pts | 12.5% | +5.4 pts |
| Mean travel time to work | 25.5 min±5.3 | 26.0 min | no clear change |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP03) · Check it at data.census.gov
What census tracts are in Caledonia (town), Columbia County?
No census tract lies mostly in Caledonia (town), Columbia County; 2 tracts reach into it (2020 census blocks).
| Tract | Residents, 2020-2024 | Median household income |
|---|---|---|
| Tract 9706Columbia County | 4,681 | $86,538 |
| Tract 9704.02Columbia County | 3,838 | $76,750 |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026); 2020 block assignment files (tract share = share of the tract's census blocks in Caledonia (town), Columbia County) · Census block assignment files
How does Caledonia (town), Columbia County compare with other places in Wisconsin?
By the Census Bureau's July 2025 estimates, Caledonia (town), Columbia County is the 6,010th-most populous of the 16,079 U.S. towns and townships that have one and the 291st-most populous of 1,239 in Wisconsin.
Caledonia (town), Columbia County ranks 269th of 914 places in Wisconsin with 1,000 or more residents and a reliable estimate, by median household income.
| Measure | Rank | Of |
|---|---|---|
| Population, July 2025 estimate | 291st | 1,239 |
| Growth 2020-2025 (PEP) | 630th | 884 |
| Residents per square mile | 858th | 914 |
| Median household income | 269th | 914 |
| Per capita income | 384th | 911 |
| Median home value | 124th | 913 |
| Median gross rent | 444th | 825 |
| Poverty rate | 119th | 706 |
| Bachelor's degree or higher | 226th | 914 |
| Median age | 285th | 914 |
| Owner-occupied share | 99th | 914 |
| Work from home | 323rd | 827 |
| Travel time to work | 331st | 914 |
Caledonia (town), Columbia County's figures with every place in Wisconsin (CSV)
Every place in Wisconsin, sortable · Compare Caledonia (town), Columbia County with other places
Source: PlainCities ranks computed from the American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) and PEP Vintage 2025 · How ranks are computed
How reliable are the figures for Caledonia (town), Columbia County?
20 of the 57 figures for Caledonia (town), Columbia County on this page carry a coefficient of variation over 40% and are marked with a ring: they come from a small sample, so read them as rough.
The American Community Survey samples about one household in eight over five years, so every figure is an estimate with a 90% margin of error (shown under each value). A ring marks an estimate whose coefficient of variation is over 40%. A change is called only when the gap between the two periods is larger than their combined 90% margin (the square root of the sum of the two squared margins), the Census Bureau's test. How to read a margin of error.
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026): margins of error as published · ACS technical documentation
How these figures are made: methodology and release checks · reading a margin of error · every state · corrections
Not on this page: crime, weather and schools for Caledonia (town), Columbia County are other agencies' records. Crime: the FBI's Crime Data Explorer · climate: NOAA's U.S. Climate Normals · schools: the National Center for Education Statistics' school search.