County · Idaho
Madison County, Idaho
Madison County, Idaho. Madison County had 55,172 residents in 2025 by the Census Bureau's estimate, up 4.3% since 2020, slower than Idaho (+10.4%). It holds 2 places (2 cities, villages and boroughs) and 11 census tracts. GEOID 16065.
Madison County is one of the 2 counties of the Rexburg, ID micropolitan statistical area (the Census Bureau's July 2023 delineation).
Residents, July 2025 estimate
55,172
Census Bureau estimate (no margin published)
2020 Census count: 52,913 · ACS 2020-2024: 54,618
Median household income
$60,160
±$6,493 (90% margin)
Idaho: $77,800
Median home value
$414,800
±$21,710 (90% margin)
Idaho: $418,600
Median gross rent
$1,014
±$48 (90% margin)
Idaho: $1,238
How many people live in Madison County, and is it growing?
The 2020 Census counted 52,913 residents in Madison County. The Census Bureau estimates 55,172 for July 1, 2025, up 4.3% since 2020, slower than Idaho (+10.4%). The 2020-2024 American Community Survey puts the population at 54,618 over 469 square miles of land.
| Measure | Madison County | Idaho | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total population | 54,618 | 1,934,262 | +15,518 |
| Households | 13,326±409 | 713,005 | +2,310 |
| Average household size | 3.24±0.10 | 2.64 | −0.27 |
| Housing units | 15,145±97 | 795,014 | +918 |
Madison County's population since 2000
From 27,467 in 2000 to 55,172 in 2025: up 100.9%. The 2000, 2010 and 2020 figures are census counts. The 2005 figure is the Census Bureau's intercensal estimate, revised to fit the 2000 and 2010 counts and drawn on 2010 boundaries; 2015 and 2025 are July 1 estimates made from the census before them.
Source: The 2000, 2010 and 2020 Census counts and the Census Bureau's population estimates (intercensal 2000-2010, Vintage 2020, Vintage 2025) · Census population estimates
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026); PEP Vintage 2025 (CO-EST2025); 2020 Census · Check it at data.census.gov
What cities and towns are in Madison County?
Madison County holds 2 places: 2 cities, villages and boroughs (incorporated places). The largest is Rexburg with 40,334 residents (2025 estimate). Places that cross a county line are listed with the share of their 2020 residents who live in this county.
| Rexburg | 39,409 | $50,617 |
|---|---|---|
| Sugar City | 1,715 | $66,953 |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026); 2020 place-by-county parts · Check it at data.census.gov
Who lives in Madison County?
The median resident of Madison County is 21.4 years old; 20.2% are under 18 and 5.4% are 65 or older. The largest group is non-Hispanic white residents at 83.5%, then Hispanic or Latino residents (of any race) at 9.8%. 5.2% of residents were born outside the United States.
| Measure | Madison County | Idaho | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median age | 21.4±0.2 | 37.3 | −2.1 |
| Under 18 years | 20.2%±0.2 pts | 24.1% | – |
| 65 years and over | 5.4%±0.1 pts | 17.0% | – |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 9.8% | 13.6% | +2.2 pts |
| White alone, not Hispanic | 83.5%±0.9 pts | 78.6% | −4.8 pts |
| Black or African American alone, not Hispanic | 1.0%±0.3 pts | 0.7% | – |
| Asian alone, not Hispanic | 1.5%±0.3 pts | 1.3% | no clear change |
| American Indian and Alaska Native alone, not Hispanic | 0.2%±0.2 pts | 0.7% | – |
| Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, not Hispanic | 0.3%±0.1 pts | 0.1% | – |
| Two or more races, not Hispanic | 2.8%±0.6 pts | 4.2% | – |
| Some other race alone, not Hispanic | 0.9%±0.9 pts | 0.6% | – |
| Born outside the United States | 5.2%±1.5 pts | 5.9% | no clear change |
| Speak a language other than English at home (age 5+) | 9.8%±1.2 pts | 11.0% | – |
| Civilian veterans (age 18+) | 1.5%±0.3 pts | 8.0% | – |
| With a disability | 7.2%±1.2 pts | 14.1% | – |
| No health insurance coverage | 4.9%±1.5 pts | 9.1% | no clear change |
| High school graduate or higher (age 25+) | 97.3%±1.1 pts | 91.9% | – |
| Bachelor's degree or higher (age 25+) | 41.8%±2.9 pts | 31.8% | +5.4 pts |
| Graduate or professional degree (age 25+) | 12.9%±1.5 pts | 10.5% | – |
| Moved from another state in the past year | 15.7%±1.8 pts | 4.6% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profiles DP02, DP05) · Check it at data.census.gov
What do households in Madison County earn?
Half of Madison County's 13,326 households earn less than $60,160 a year (±$6,493), against $77,800 in Idaho. In 2015-2019 the median was $48,194 in 2024 dollars, so it rose by $11,966 after inflation. 24.5% of residents live below the poverty line.
| Measure | Madison County | Idaho | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median household income | $60,160±$6,493 | $77,800 | +$11,966 |
| Mean household income | $90,919±$13,723 | $102,747 | – |
| Per capita income | $23,958±$3,692 | $38,952 | no clear change |
| People below the poverty line | 24.5%±3.0 pts | 10.6% | −6.4 pts |
| Children under 18 below the poverty line | 15.9%±3.7 pts | 12.4% | −7.3 pts |
| Households receiving SNAP | 9.5%±2.5 pts | 7.6% | – |
| Households with a broadband subscription | 78.8%±4.4 pts | 91.9% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP03) · Check it at data.census.gov
What does housing cost in Madison County?
Owners occupy 40.2% of Madison County's occupied homes and renters 59.8%. The median owner-occupied home is valued at $414,800 by its owner (±$21,710). The median renter pays $1,014 a month including utilities, and 34.4% of renters pay 35% or more of their income on rent.
| Measure | Madison County | Idaho | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median home value (owner-occupied) | $414,800±$21,710 | $418,600 | +$145,155 |
| Median gross rent | $1,014±$48 | $1,238 | +$124 |
| Renters paying 35% or more of income on rent | 34.4%±6.6 pts | 36.9% | −28.7 pts |
| Median monthly owner costs, with a mortgage | $1,704±$87 | $1,687 | – |
| Owner-occupied homes | 40.2%±3.1 pts | 72.1% | −4.4 pts |
| Housing units | 15,145±97 | 795,014 | +918 |
| Homeowner vacancy rate | 0.8%±0.8 pts | 0.7% | – |
| Rental vacancy rate | 3.9%±2.1 pts | 3.9% | – |
| Single-family detached homes | 39.4%±3.0 pts | 73.8% | – |
| Mobile homes | 4.2%±1.2 pts | 6.9% | – |
| Built 2020 or later | 3.7%±1.0 pts | 3.9% | – |
| Built 1939 or earlier | 3.4%±1.0 pts | 7.9% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP04) · Check it at data.census.gov
How many new homes is Madison County building?
Builders took permits for 842 new housing units across Madison County in 2025 (414 single-family), 15.3 per 1,000 residents.
Source: Building Permits Survey, annual county files 2019-2025, U.S. Census Bureau · Census Building Permits Survey
How do people in Madison County get to work?
58.4% of Madison County's workers drive alone and 13.3% work from home. The average trip to work takes 16.4 minutes. The unemployment rate in 2020-2024 averaged 8.3%.
| Measure | Madison County | Idaho | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| In the labor force (age 16+) | 68.5%±1.8 pts | 63.0% | – |
| Unemployment rate | 8.3%±2.5 pts | 3.7% | no clear change |
| Drove alone to work | 58.4%±3.6 pts | 72.7% | – |
| Carpooled | 12.1%±1.9 pts | 8.9% | – |
| Public transportation | 1.0%±0.4 pts | 0.5% | – |
| Walked | 13.9%±1.6 pts | 2.6% | – |
| Worked from home | 13.3%±3.1 pts | 13.3% | +8.4 pts |
| Mean travel time to work | 16.4 min±1.3 | 21.6 min | +2.2 min |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP03) · Check it at data.census.gov
What are Madison County's census tracts?
Madison County is divided into 11 census tracts. Among those with a reliable estimate, median household income runs from $42,574 (Tract 9503.03) to $123,783 (Tract 9501.01).
| Tract 9501.0116065950101 | 2,633±379 | $123,783 |
|---|---|---|
| Tract 9501.0216065950102 | 3,151±533 | $79,342 |
| Tract 9501.0316065950103 | 2,134±526 | $69,297 |
| Tract 950216065950200 | 4,523±880 | $45,750 |
| Tract 9503.0116065950301 | 8,564±1,103 | $56,948 |
| Tract 9503.0316065950303 | 12,065±1,432 | $42,574 |
| Tract 9503.0416065950304 | 7,594±1,034 | $48,910 |
| Tract 9504.0116065950401 | 4,415±844 | $99,044 |
| Tract 9504.0216065950402 | 2,166±299 | $75,515 |
| Tract 9505.0116065950501 | 3,586±432 | $82,308 |
| Tract 9505.0216065950502 | 3,787±490 | $93,250 |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) · Check it at data.census.gov
How does Madison County compare with Idaho's other counties?
| Measure | Rank |
|---|---|
| Population | 7th of 44 |
| Growth 2020-2025 | 40th of 44 |
| Residents per square mile | 4th of 44 |
| Median household income | 35th of 44 |
| Median home value | 9th of 44 |
| Median gross rent | 15th of 44 |
| Poverty rate | 1st of 43 |
| Bachelor's degree or higher | 5th of 44 |
| Median age | 44th of 44 |
Source: PlainCities ranks from the American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) and PEP Vintage 2025 · How ranks are computed
How these figures are made: methodology and release checks · reading a margin of error · every state · corrections
Not on this page: crime, weather and schools for Madison County are other agencies' records. Crime: the FBI's Crime Data Explorer · climate: NOAA's U.S. Climate Normals · schools: the National Center for Education Statistics' school search.