County · Illinois
Cumberland County, Illinois
Cumberland County, Illinois. Cumberland County had 10,208 residents in 2025 by the Census Bureau's estimate, down 2.3% since 2020, a steeper fall than Illinois's (−0.8%). It holds 16 places (6 cities, villages and boroughs, 8 towns and townships and 2 census-designated) and 3 census tracts. GEOID 17035.
Cumberland County is one of the 2 counties of the Effingham, IL micropolitan statistical area (the Census Bureau's July 2023 delineation).
Residents, July 2025 estimate
10,208
Census Bureau estimate (no margin published)
2020 Census count: 10,450 · ACS 2020-2024: 10,334
Median household income
$73,327
±$6,920 (90% margin)
Illinois: $83,390
Median home value
$126,000
±$12,213 (90% margin)
Illinois: $263,300
Median gross rent
$772
±$47 (90% margin)
Illinois: $1,274
How many people live in Cumberland County, and is it growing?
The 2020 Census counted 10,450 residents in Cumberland County. The Census Bureau estimates 10,208 for July 1, 2025, down 2.3% since 2020, a steeper fall than Illinois's (−0.8%). The 2020-2024 American Community Survey puts the population at 10,334 over 346 square miles of land.
| Measure | Cumberland County | Illinois | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total population | 10,334 | 12,694,798 | −502 |
| Households | 4,177±128 | 5,036,449 | no clear change |
| Average household size | 2.44±0.07 | 2.46 | no clear change |
| Housing units | 4,726±28 | 5,457,452 | −146 |
Cumberland County's population since 2000
From 11,253 in 2000 to 10,208 in 2025: down 9.3%. The 2000, 2010 and 2020 figures are census counts. The 2005 figure is the Census Bureau's intercensal estimate, revised to fit the 2000 and 2010 counts and drawn on 2010 boundaries; 2015 and 2025 are July 1 estimates made from the census before them.
Source: The 2000, 2010 and 2020 Census counts and the Census Bureau's population estimates (intercensal 2000-2010, Vintage 2020, Vintage 2025) · Census population estimates
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026); PEP Vintage 2025 (CO-EST2025); 2020 Census · Check it at data.census.gov
What cities and towns are in Cumberland County?
Cumberland County holds 16 places: 6 cities, villages and boroughs (incorporated places), 8 towns and townships (county subdivisions with their own government) and 2 census-designated places. The largest is Neoga Township with 2,719 residents (2025 estimate). Places that cross a county line are listed with the share of their 2020 residents who live in this county.
| Neoga Township | 2,778 | $88,667 |
|---|---|---|
| Greenup Township | 2,257 | $57,713 |
| Sumpter Township | 2,051 | $70,556 |
| Neoga | 1,398 | $73,355 |
| Greenup | 1,365 | $51,417 |
| Spring Point TownshipGEOID 1703572143 | 1,332 | $90,430 |
| Toledo | 1,161 | $56,354 |
| Union Township, Cumberland CountyGEOID 1703576641 | 667 | $63,958 |
| Woodbury TownshipGEOID 1703582959 | 555 | $71,806 |
| Cottonwood TownshipGEOID 1703516587 | 485 | $115,462 |
| Crooked Creek Township, Cumberland CountyGEOID 1703517640 | 325 | $56,700 |
| JewettGEOID 1738427 | 196 | $52,708 |
| TrillaGEOID 1776017 | 156 | $123,125 |
| JanesvilleGEOID 1738232 | 76 | not published |
| Casey | 2,404 | $48,074 |
| MontroseGEOID 1750283 | 210 | $60,625 |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026); 2020 place-by-county parts · Check it at data.census.gov
Who lives in Cumberland County?
The median resident of Cumberland County is 43.1 years old; 22.4% are under 18 and 21.0% are 65 or older. The largest group is non-Hispanic white residents at 95.0%, then non-Hispanic residents of two or more races at 4.4%.
| Measure | Cumberland County | Illinois | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median age | 43.1±0.6 | 39.0 | no clear change |
| Under 18 years | 22.4% | 21.8% | – |
| 65 years and over | 21.0%±0.2 pts | 17.0% | – |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 0.4%±0.4 pts | 18.8% | – |
| White alone, not Hispanic | 95.0%±0.7 pts | 58.1% | −1.7 pts |
| Black or African American alone, not Hispanic | 0.2%±0.2 pts | 13.3% | – |
| Asian alone, not Hispanic | 0.0%±0.1 pts | 5.9% | – |
| American Indian and Alaska Native alone, not Hispanic | 0.0%±0.4 pts | 0.1% | – |
| Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, not Hispanic | 0.0%±0.4 pts | 0.0% | – |
| Two or more races, not Hispanic | 4.4%±1.0 pts | 3.4% | – |
| Some other race alone, not Hispanic | 0.0%±0.4 pts | 0.4% | – |
| Born outside the United States | 0.2%±0.2 pts | 14.7% | – |
| Speak a language other than English at home (age 5+) | 0.7%±0.5 pts | 24.0% | – |
| Civilian veterans (age 18+) | 6.7%±1.4 pts | 4.8% | – |
| With a disability | 14.2%±1.9 pts | 12.1% | – |
| No health insurance coverage | 5.3%±1.4 pts | 6.9% | no clear change |
| High school graduate or higher (age 25+) | 94.1%±1.3 pts | 90.5% | – |
| Bachelor's degree or higher (age 25+) | 19.6%±2.4 pts | 37.8% | +4.2 pts |
| Graduate or professional degree (age 25+) | 6.1%±1.5 pts | 15.3% | – |
| Moved from another state in the past year | 0.7%±0.4 pts | 1.6% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profiles DP02, DP05) · Check it at data.census.gov
What do households in Cumberland County earn?
Half of Cumberland County's 4,177 households earn less than $73,327 a year (±$6,920), against $83,390 in Illinois. In 2015-2019 it was $69,172 in 2024 dollars; the margins of error cannot tell the two periods apart. 9.1% of residents live below the poverty line.
| Measure | Cumberland County | Illinois | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median household income | $73,327±$6,920 | $83,390 | no clear change |
| Mean household income | $87,318±$5,618 | $115,638 | – |
| Per capita income | $36,140±$1,976 | $46,406 | no clear change |
| People below the poverty line | 9.1%±1.8 pts | 11.8% | −4.8 pts |
| Children under 18 below the poverty line | 10.9%±3.4 pts | 15.1% | −7.8 pts |
| Households receiving SNAP | 9.2%±2.2 pts | 13.8% | – |
| Households with a broadband subscription | 87.0%±2.6 pts | 90.8% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP03) · Check it at data.census.gov
What does housing cost in Cumberland County?
Owners occupy 84.2% of Cumberland County's occupied homes and renters 15.8%. The median owner-occupied home is valued at $126,000 by its owner (±$12,213). The median renter pays $772 a month including utilities, and 24.9% of renters pay 35% or more of their income on rent.
| Measure | Cumberland County | Illinois | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median home value (owner-occupied) | $126,000±$12,213 | $263,300 | no clear change |
| Median gross rent | $772±$47 | $1,274 | no clear change |
| Renters paying 35% or more of income on rent | 24.9%±8.9 pts | 39.0% | no clear change |
| Median monthly owner costs, with a mortgage | $1,189±$71 | $1,987 | – |
| Owner-occupied homes | 84.2%±3.2 pts | 67.1% | +5.5 pts |
| Housing units | 4,726±28 | 5,457,452 | −146 |
| Homeowner vacancy rate | 1.5%±1.2 pts | 1.0% | – |
| Rental vacancy rate | 6.2%±4.4 pts | 5.0% | – |
| Single-family detached homes | 84.3%±3.0 pts | 58.2% | – |
| Mobile homes | 10.1%±2.8 pts | 2.3% | – |
| Built 2020 or later | 0.4%±0.3 pts | 0.7% | – |
| Built 1939 or earlier | 20.3%±3.1 pts | 20.2% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP04) · Check it at data.census.gov
How many new homes is Cumberland County building?
Builders took permits for 0 new housing units across Cumberland County in 2025 (0 single-family), 0.0 per 1,000 residents.
Source: Building Permits Survey, annual county files 2019-2025, U.S. Census Bureau · Census Building Permits Survey
How do people in Cumberland County get to work?
81.2% of Cumberland County's workers drive alone and 8.5% work from home. The average trip to work takes 23.5 minutes. The unemployment rate in 2020-2024 averaged 1.4%.
| Measure | Cumberland County | Illinois | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| In the labor force (age 16+) | 65.3%±2.8 pts | 65.0% | – |
| Unemployment rate | 1.4%±0.7 pts | 5.8% | −1.6 pts |
| Drove alone to work | 81.2%±2.9 pts | 65.9% | – |
| Carpooled | 6.1%±1.9 pts | 7.8% | – |
| Public transportation | 0.2%±0.3 pts | 5.8% | – |
| Walked | 3.9%±1.9 pts | 2.8% | – |
| Worked from home | 8.5%±2.1 pts | 15.9% | +4.4 pts |
| Mean travel time to work | 23.5 min±2.8 | 27.8 min | no clear change |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP03) · Check it at data.census.gov
What are Cumberland County's census tracts?
Cumberland County is divided into 3 census tracts. Among those with a reliable estimate, median household income runs from $57,027 (Tract 9724) to $90,085 (Tract 9726).
| Tract 972417035972400 | 3,001±304 | $57,027 |
|---|---|---|
| Tract 972517035972500 | 3,278±286 | $76,563 |
| Tract 972617035972600 | 4,055±230 | $90,085 |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) · Check it at data.census.gov
How does Cumberland County compare with Illinois's other counties?
| Measure | Rank |
|---|---|
| Population | 87th of 102 |
| Growth 2020-2025 | 52nd of 102 |
| Residents per square mile | 74th of 102 |
| Median household income | 31st of 102 |
| Median home value | 63rd of 102 |
| Median gross rent | 77th of 102 |
| Poverty rate | 80th of 102 |
| Bachelor's degree or higher | 64th of 102 |
| Median age | 41st of 102 |
Source: PlainCities ranks from the American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) and PEP Vintage 2025 · How ranks are computed
How these figures are made: methodology and release checks · reading a margin of error · every state · corrections
Not on this page: crime, weather and schools for Cumberland County are other agencies' records. Crime: the FBI's Crime Data Explorer · climate: NOAA's U.S. Climate Normals · schools: the National Center for Education Statistics' school search.