County · Virginia
Caroline County, Virginia
Caroline County, Virginia. Caroline County had 34,413 residents in 2025 by the Census Bureau's estimate, up 11.4% since 2020, faster than Virginia (+2.9%). It holds 4 places (2 cities, villages and boroughs and 2 census-designated) and 9 census tracts. GEOID 51033.
Residents, July 2025 estimate
34,413
Census Bureau estimate (no margin published)
2020 Census count: 30,887 · ACS 2020-2024: 32,098
Median household income
$87,407
±$7,737 (90% margin)
Virginia: $93,170
Median home value
$307,700
±$16,115 (90% margin)
Virginia: $383,700
Median gross rent
$1,293
±$134 (90% margin)
Virginia: $1,579
How many people live in Caroline County, and is it growing?
The 2020 Census counted 30,887 residents in Caroline County. The Census Bureau estimates 34,413 for July 1, 2025, up 11.4% since 2020, faster than Virginia (+2.9%). The 2020-2024 American Community Survey puts the population at 32,098 over 527 square miles of land.
| Measure | Caroline County | Virginia | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total population | 32,098 | 8,705,170 | +1,717 |
| Households | 11,988±264 | 3,365,732 | +1,042 |
| Average household size | 2.60±0.06 | 2.52 | no clear change |
| Housing units | 12,920±52 | 3,684,756 | +652 |
Caroline County's population since 2000
From 22,121 in 2000 to 34,413 in 2025: up 55.6%. The 2000, 2010 and 2020 figures are census counts. The 2005 figure is the Census Bureau's intercensal estimate, revised to fit the 2000 and 2010 counts and drawn on 2010 boundaries; 2015 and 2025 are July 1 estimates made from the census before them.
Source: The 2000, 2010 and 2020 Census counts and the Census Bureau's population estimates (intercensal 2000-2010, Vintage 2020, Vintage 2025) · Census population estimates
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026); PEP Vintage 2025 (CO-EST2025); 2020 Census · Check it at data.census.gov
What cities and towns are in Caroline County?
Caroline County holds 4 places: 2 cities, villages and boroughs (incorporated places) and 2 census-designated places. The largest is Lake Land'Or with 4,390 residents (2020-2024). Places that cross a county line are listed with the share of their 2020 residents who live in this county.
| Lake Land'Or | 4,555 | $94,348 |
|---|---|---|
| Lake Caroline | 2,511 | $73,000 |
| Bowling Green | 1,168 | $82,500 |
| Port RoyalGEOID 5163928 | 196 | not published |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026); 2020 place-by-county parts · Check it at data.census.gov
Who lives in Caroline County?
The median resident of Caroline County is 38.9 years old; 22.7% are under 18 and 16.7% are 65 or older. The largest group is non-Hispanic white residents at 61.2%, then non-Hispanic Black residents at 23.7%. 5.1% of residents were born outside the United States.
| Measure | Caroline County | Virginia | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median age | 38.9±1.0 | 39.0 | −1.2 |
| Under 18 years | 22.7%±0.1 pts | 21.7% | – |
| 65 years and over | 16.7%±0.2 pts | 16.7% | – |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 7.7% | 11.0% | +2.9 pts |
| White alone, not Hispanic | 61.2%±0.3 pts | 58.4% | −2.0 pts |
| Black or African American alone, not Hispanic | 23.7%±1.1 pts | 18.3% | −3.1 pts |
| Asian alone, not Hispanic | 1.0%±0.3 pts | 6.9% | no clear change |
| American Indian and Alaska Native alone, not Hispanic | 0.3%±0.2 pts | 0.1% | – |
| Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, not Hispanic | 0.1%±0.1 pts | 0.1% | – |
| Two or more races, not Hispanic | 5.0%±1.0 pts | 4.7% | – |
| Some other race alone, not Hispanic | 1.1%±1.0 pts | 0.6% | – |
| Born outside the United States | 5.1%±0.8 pts | 13.1% | +1.4 pts |
| Speak a language other than English at home (age 5+) | 7.4%±1.0 pts | 17.4% | – |
| Civilian veterans (age 18+) | 12.7%±1.5 pts | 9.4% | – |
| With a disability | 12.0%±1.3 pts | 12.5% | – |
| No health insurance coverage | 6.9%±1.2 pts | 6.9% | no clear change |
| High school graduate or higher (age 25+) | 89.5%±1.6 pts | 91.6% | – |
| Bachelor's degree or higher (age 25+) | 21.8%±2.3 pts | 42.2% | no clear change |
| Graduate or professional degree (age 25+) | 8.1%±1.3 pts | 18.5% | – |
| Moved from another state in the past year | 2.1%±0.9 pts | 3.1% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profiles DP02, DP05) · Check it at data.census.gov
What do households in Caroline County earn?
Half of Caroline County's 11,988 households earn less than $87,407 a year (±$7,737), against $93,170 in Virginia. In 2015-2019 it was $80,122 in 2024 dollars; the margins of error cannot tell the two periods apart. 11.2% of residents live below the poverty line.
| Measure | Caroline County | Virginia | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median household income | $87,407±$7,737 | $93,170 | no clear change |
| Mean household income | $103,835±$5,163 | $128,260 | – |
| Per capita income | $40,262±$1,790 | $50,666 | no clear change |
| People below the poverty line | 11.2%±2.2 pts | 9.9% | no clear change |
| Children under 18 below the poverty line | 18.4%±5.4 pts | 12.3% | +6.9 pts |
| Households receiving SNAP | 13.4%±2.1 pts | 9.1% | – |
| Households with a broadband subscription | 86.3%±2.6 pts | 91.0% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP03) · Check it at data.census.gov
What does housing cost in Caroline County?
Owners occupy 82.3% of Caroline County's occupied homes and renters 17.7%. The median owner-occupied home is valued at $307,700 by its owner (±$16,115). The median renter pays $1,293 a month including utilities, and 43.6% of renters pay 35% or more of their income on rent.
| Measure | Caroline County | Virginia | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median home value (owner-occupied) | $307,700±$16,115 | $383,700 | +$54,177 |
| Median gross rent | $1,293±$134 | $1,579 | no clear change |
| Renters paying 35% or more of income on rent | 43.6%±10.7 pts | 39.4% | no clear change |
| Median monthly owner costs, with a mortgage | $1,725±$65 | $2,127 | – |
| Owner-occupied homes | 82.3%±2.6 pts | 67.3% | no clear change |
| Housing units | 12,920±52 | 3,684,756 | +652 |
| Homeowner vacancy rate | 1.1%±0.9 pts | 0.8% | – |
| Rental vacancy rate | 5.0%±7.6 pts | 4.8% | – |
| Single-family detached homes | 85.9%±2.6 pts | 61.3% | – |
| Mobile homes | 5.9%±1.2 pts | 4.3% | – |
| Built 2020 or later | 3.1%±1.2 pts | 1.7% | – |
| Built 1939 or earlier | 5.0%±1.5 pts | 7.0% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP04) · Check it at data.census.gov
How many new homes is Caroline County building?
Builders took permits for 224 new housing units across Caroline County in 2025 (224 single-family), 6.5 per 1,000 residents.
Source: Building Permits Survey, annual county files 2019-2025, U.S. Census Bureau · Census Building Permits Survey
How do people in Caroline County get to work?
73.4% of Caroline County's workers drive alone and 11.5% work from home. The average trip to work takes 37.2 minutes. The unemployment rate in 2020-2024 averaged 5.3%.
| Measure | Caroline County | Virginia | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| In the labor force (age 16+) | 67.9%±2.1 pts | 65.4% | – |
| Unemployment rate | 5.3%±1.8 pts | 4.3% | no clear change |
| Drove alone to work | 73.4%±2.9 pts | 67.6% | – |
| Carpooled | 11.0%±1.9 pts | 8.0% | – |
| Public transportation | 0.4%±0.3 pts | 2.3% | – |
| Walked | 2.6%±1.6 pts | 2.1% | – |
| Worked from home | 11.5%±2.0 pts | 18.3% | +8.1 pts |
| Mean travel time to work | 37.2 min±2.2 | 27.3 min | no clear change |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP03) · Check it at data.census.gov
What are Caroline County's census tracts?
Caroline County is divided into 9 census tracts. Among those with a reliable estimate, median household income runs from $44,018 (Tract 305.03) to $113,521 (Tract 301).
| Tract 30151033030100 | 4,850±617 | $113,521 |
|---|---|---|
| Tract 302.0151033030201 | 3,186±361 | $110,000 |
| Tract 302.0251033030202 | 1,564±213 | $80,167 |
| Tract 30351033030300 | 3,992±408 | $85,351 |
| Tract 30451033030400 | 2,030±371 | $82,188 |
| Tract 305.0151033030501 | 4,857±552 | $95,536 |
| Tract 305.0251033030502 | 5,880±524 | $80,865 |
| Tract 305.0351033030503 | 2,400±274 | $44,018 |
| Tract 30651033030600 | 3,339±430 | $82,052 |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) · Check it at data.census.gov
How does Caroline County compare with Virginia's other counties?
| Measure | Rank |
|---|---|
| Population | 55th of 133 |
| Growth 2020-2025 | 4th of 133 |
| Residents per square mile | 95th of 133 |
| Median household income | 34th of 133 |
| Median home value | 52nd of 133 |
| Median gross rent | 41st of 133 |
| Poverty rate | 71st of 133 |
| Bachelor's degree or higher | 86th of 133 |
| Median age | 94th of 133 |
Source: PlainCities ranks from the American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) and PEP Vintage 2025 · How ranks are computed
How these figures are made: methodology and release checks · reading a margin of error · every state · corrections
Not on this page: crime, weather and schools for Caroline County are other agencies' records. Crime: the FBI's Crime Data Explorer · climate: NOAA's U.S. Climate Normals · schools: the National Center for Education Statistics' school search.