Census-designated place · Arizona
Rough Rock, Arizona
Rough Rock, census-designated place, in Apache County, Arizona. Rough Rock had 428 residents in the 2020 Census, a full count; the ACS 2020-2024 5-year estimates put it at 465 (±102). GEOID 0461370.
Residents, 2020 Census
428
Census count or controlled total
ACS 2020-2024 estimate: 465 ±102
Median household income
$43,182
±$6,805 (90% margin)
Arizona: $79,964
Median home value
$43,300
±$34,107 (90% margin)
Arizona: $394,500
Median gross rent
$612
±$52 (90% margin)
Arizona: $1,543
Where is Rough Rock and what county is it in?
Rough Rock is a census-designated place: an unincorporated community the Census Bureau draws for counting, with no city government of its own, in Apache County, Arizona. It covers 12.7 square miles of land, 34 residents per square mile in 2020.
Source: 2024 Gazetteer and 2020 place-by-county files, U.S. Census Bureau · Census reference files
How many people live in Rough Rock, and is it growing?
The 2020 Census counted 428 residents in Rough Rock, a full count rather than a sample. The 2020-2024 American Community Survey, a sample, estimates 465 (±102).
The Census Bureau publishes yearly population estimates for incorporated places only; Rough Rock is a census-designated place, so its figures come from the ACS and the 2020 Census.
| Measure | Rough Rock | Apache County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total population | 465 ±102 | 65,341 | no clear change |
| Households | 216 ±52 | 21,100 | no clear change |
| Average household size | 2.15 ±0.47 | 3.03 | no clear change |
| Housing units | 262 ±49 | 28,997 | +67 |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026); Census PEP Vintage 2025 (SUB-EST2025, CO-EST2025); 2020 Census P.L. 94-171 · Check it at data.census.gov
Who lives in Rough Rock?
The median resident of Rough Rock is 44.8 years old; 17.4% are under 18 and 15.9% are 65 or older. The largest group is non-Hispanic American Indian and Alaska Native residents at 97.4%, then non-Hispanic white residents at 2.6%.
| Measure | Rough Rock | Apache County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median age | 44.8 ±5.5 | 36.6 | no clear change |
| Under 18 years | 17.4% ±7.0 pts | 26.0% | – |
| 65 years and over | 15.9% ±6.3 pts | 16.8% | – |
| Male | 53.3% ±7.2 pts | 49.3% | – |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 0.0% ±9.2 pts | 6.4% | – |
| White alone, not Hispanic | 2.6% ±3.2 pts | 18.8% | – |
| Black or African American alone, not Hispanic | 0.0% ±9.2 pts | 1.0% | – |
| Asian alone, not Hispanic | 0.0% ±9.2 pts | 0.7% | – |
| American Indian and Alaska Native alone, not Hispanic | 97.4% ±3.2 pts | 71.0% | – |
| Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, not Hispanic | 0.0% ±9.2 pts | 0.1% | – |
| Two or more races, not Hispanic | 0.0% ±9.2 pts | 2.0% | – |
| Some other race alone, not Hispanic | 0.0% ±9.2 pts | 0.0% | – |
| Born outside the United States | 2.2% ±3.0 pts | 1.6% | – |
| Speak a language other than English at home (age 5+) | 90.4% ±5.4 pts | 51.0% | – |
| Civilian veterans (age 18+) | 0.0% ±11.0 pts | 5.0% | – |
| With a disability | 8.0% ±4.0 pts | 13.2% | – |
| No health insurance coverage | 31.2% ±10.3 pts | 18.2% | −16.0 pts |
| High school graduate or higher (age 25+) | 85.3% ±10.5 pts | 85.0% | – |
| Bachelor's degree or higher (age 25+) | 13.6% ±6.8 pts | 16.6% | no clear change |
| Graduate or professional degree (age 25+) | 6.0% ±3.9 pts | 7.0% | – |
| Lived in the same house a year earlier | 100.0% ±9.2 pts | 95.9% | – |
| Moved from another state in the past year | 0.0% ±9.2 pts | 1.1% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profiles DP02, DP05) · Check it at data.census.gov
What do households in Rough Rock earn?
Half of Rough Rock's 216 households earn less than $43,182 a year (±$6,805), against $41,438 in Apache County and $79,964 in Arizona. In 2015-2019 it was $35,382 in 2024 dollars; the margins of error cannot tell the two periods apart. 20.9% of residents live below the poverty line.
| Measure | Rough Rock | Apache County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median household income | $43,182 ±$6,805 | $41,438 | no clear change |
| Mean household income | $44,955 ±$8,790 | $59,034 | – |
| Per capita income | $20,817 ±$4,403 | $20,885 | no clear change |
| People below the poverty line | 20.9% ±11.4 pts | 30.5% | no clear change |
| Children under 18 below the poverty line | 0.0% ±38.8 pts | 39.1% | – |
| Households receiving SNAP | 35.2% ±14.1 pts | 30.5% | – |
| Households with a computer | 64.8% ±13.8 pts | 75.3% | – |
| Households with a broadband subscription | 27.8% ±13.5 pts | 60.0% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP03) · Check it at data.census.gov
What does housing cost in Rough Rock?
Owners occupy 65.7% of Rough Rock's occupied homes and renters 34.3%. The median renter pays $612 a month including utilities.
| Measure | Rough Rock | Apache County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median home value (owner-occupied) | $43,300 ±$34,107 | $63,700 | – |
| Median gross rent | $612 ±$52 | $647 | no clear change |
| Renters paying 35% or more of income on rent | 0.0% ±42.0 pts | 18.7% | – |
| Owner-occupied homes | 65.7% ±12.3 pts | 79.4% | no clear change |
| Renter-occupied homes | 34.3% ±12.3 pts | 20.6% | – |
| Housing units | 262 ±49 | 28,997 | +67 |
| Homeowner vacancy rate | 0.0% ±26.6 pts | 0.3% | – |
| Rental vacancy rate | 0.0% ±40.6 pts | 8.3% | – |
| Single-family detached homes | 76.0% ±8.2 pts | 70.5% | – |
| Mobile homes | 13.0% ±6.0 pts | 22.7% | – |
| Built 2020 or later | 0.0% ±15.7 pts | 0.7% | – |
| Built 2010 to 2019 | 5.0% ±3.9 pts | 6.5% | – |
| Built 1939 or earlier | 0.0% ±15.7 pts | 1.3% | – |
| Households with no vehicle | 10.2% ±6.6 pts | 11.5% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP04) · Check it at data.census.gov
How do people in Rough Rock work and get to work?
87.0% of Rough Rock's workers drive alone. The average trip to work takes 30.3 minutes.
| Measure | Rough Rock | Apache County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| In the labor force (age 16+) | 42.6% ±9.5 pts | 41.8% | – |
| Unemployment rate | 2.9% ±4.3 pts | 10.7% | – |
| Drove alone to work | 87.0% ±8.7 pts | 80.4% | – |
| Carpooled | 0.0% ±23.9 pts | 4.4% | – |
| Public transportation | 0.0% ±23.9 pts | 0.5% | – |
| Walked | 6.8% ±5.2 pts | 4.5% | – |
| Worked from home | 2.5% ±3.8 pts | 9.1% | – |
| Mean travel time to work | 30.3 min ±10.3 | 28.1 min | +20.5 min |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP03) · Check it at data.census.gov
What census tracts are in Rough Rock?
No census tract lies mostly in Rough Rock; 1 tract reaches into it (2020 census blocks).
| Tract | Residents, 2020-2024 | Median household income |
|---|---|---|
| Tract 9443.01Apache County | 3,065 | $28,889 |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026); 2020 block assignment files (tract share = share of the tract's census blocks in Rough Rock) · Census block assignment files
How does Rough Rock compare with other places in Arizona?
Rough Rock is not ranked by income or the other survey measures: those rankings include places of 1,000 or more residents (2020 Census) with a reliable estimate.
Rough Rock's figures with every place in Arizona (CSV)
Every place in Arizona, sortable · Compare Rough Rock with other places
Source: PlainCities ranks computed from the American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) and PEP Vintage 2025 · How ranks are computed
How reliable are the figures for Rough Rock?
23 of the 56 figures for Rough Rock on this page carry a coefficient of variation over 40% and are marked with a ring: they come from a small sample, so read them as rough.
The American Community Survey samples about one household in eight over five years, so every figure is an estimate with a 90% margin of error (shown under each value). A ring marks an estimate whose coefficient of variation is over 40%. A change is called only when the gap between the two periods is larger than their combined 90% margin (the square root of the sum of the two squared margins), the Census Bureau's test. How to read a margin of error.
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026): margins of error as published · ACS technical documentation
How these figures are made: methodology and release checks · reading a margin of error · every state · corrections
Not on this page: crime, weather and schools for Rough Rock are other agencies' records. Crime: the FBI's Crime Data Explorer · climate: NOAA's U.S. Climate Normals · schools: the National Center for Education Statistics' school search.