Township · Illinois
Harlem Township, Winnebago County, Illinois
Harlem Township, Winnebago County, township, in Winnebago County, Illinois. Harlem Township, Winnebago County had 39,287 residents on July 1, 2025 by the Census Bureau's estimate, up 0.1% since 2020; the 2020 Census counted 39,247 and the ACS 2020-2024 5-year estimates put it at 39,116 (±63). GEOID 1720132928.
Residents, July 2025 estimate
39,287
Census Bureau estimate (no margin published)
2020 Census count: 39,247 · ACS 2020-2024: 39,116 ±63
Median household income
$77,883
±$3,110 (90% margin)
Illinois: $83,390
Median home value
$181,900
±$7,472 (90% margin)
Illinois: $263,300
Median gross rent
$1,150
±$35 (90% margin)
Illinois: $1,274
Where is Harlem Township, Winnebago County and what county is it in?
Harlem Township, Winnebago County is a township in Winnebago County, Illinois. It covers 32.7 square miles of land, 1,201 residents per square mile in 2020.
2 places lie inside Harlem Township (Winnebago County): Machesney Park (village, 22,950 in 2020) and Argyle (CDP, 332 in 2020). Part of Loves Park (city) and Roscoe (village) also lie in it.
Harlem Township, Winnebago County is in the Rockford, IL metropolitan statistical area, which takes in 2 counties (Census Bureau delineation, July 2023).
Source: 2024 Gazetteer and 2020 place-by-county files, U.S. Census Bureau · Census reference files
How many people live in Harlem Township, Winnebago County, and is it growing?
The Census Bureau estimates that 39,287 people lived in Harlem Township, Winnebago County on July 1, 2025, up 0.1% since 2020, while Illinois shrank 0.8%. The 2020 Census counted 39,247 residents. The 2020-2024 American Community Survey, a five-year sample, puts the population at 39,116 (±63).
| Measure | Harlem Township, Winnebago County | Winnebago County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total population | 39,116±63 | 283,292 | no clear change |
| Households | 15,171±471 | 116,014 | no clear change |
| Average household size | 2.57±0.08 | 2.41 | no clear change |
| Housing units | 15,856±433 | 125,002 | no clear change |
Harlem Township, Winnebago County's population since 2000
From 36,171 in 2000 to 39,287 in 2025: up 8.6%. The 2000, 2010 and 2020 figures are census counts, each for Harlem Township, Winnebago County as it was drawn that year: a place that annexed land, or a community that has since incorporated, covered a different area then. The 2005 figure is the Census Bureau's intercensal estimate, revised to fit the 2000 and 2010 counts and drawn on 2010 boundaries; 2015 and 2025 are July 1 estimates made from the census before them.
Source: The 2000, 2010 and 2020 Census counts and the Census Bureau's population estimates (intercensal 2000-2010, Vintage 2020, Vintage 2025) · Census population estimates
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026); Census PEP Vintage 2025 (SUB-EST2025, CO-EST2025); 2020 Census P.L. 94-171 · Check it at data.census.gov
Who lives in Harlem Township, Winnebago County?
The median resident of Harlem Township, Winnebago County is 40.1 years old; 22.6% are under 18 and 17.6% are 65 or older. The largest group is non-Hispanic white residents at 78.5%, then Hispanic or Latino residents (of any race) at 8.8%. 6.3% of residents were born outside the United States.
| Measure | Harlem Township, Winnebago County | Winnebago County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median age | 40.1±2.1 | 39.6 | no clear change |
| Under 18 years | 22.6%±1.4 pts | 23.5% | – |
| 65 years and over | 17.6%±1.3 pts | 18.5% | – |
| Male | 48.2%±1.3 pts | 48.9% | – |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 8.8%±1.4 pts | 15.5% | +2.4 pts |
| White alone, not Hispanic | 78.5%±2.3 pts | 63.8% | −6.9 pts |
| Black or African American alone, not Hispanic | 3.2%±1.1 pts | 11.6% | no clear change |
| Asian alone, not Hispanic | 2.8%±1.0 pts | 2.9% | no clear change |
| American Indian and Alaska Native alone, not Hispanic | 0.1%±0.1 pts | 0.1% | – |
| Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, not Hispanic | 0.0%±0.1 pts | 0.0% | – |
| Two or more races, not Hispanic | 6.0%±1.5 pts | 5.8% | – |
| Some other race alone, not Hispanic | 0.6%±0.4 pts | 0.3% | – |
| Born outside the United States | 6.3%±1.2 pts | 8.9% | +1.9 pts |
| Speak a language other than English at home (age 5+) | 8.5%±1.6 pts | 15.2% | – |
| Civilian veterans (age 18+) | 5.5%±0.9 pts | 6.1% | – |
| With a disability | 13.5%±1.6 pts | 15.3% | – |
| No health insurance coverage | 5.5%±1.2 pts | 6.2% | no clear change |
| High school graduate or higher (age 25+) | 91.9%±1.3 pts | 88.8% | – |
| Bachelor's degree or higher (age 25+) | 25.1%±2.4 pts | 25.2% | +5.0 pts |
| Graduate or professional degree (age 25+) | 9.6%±1.8 pts | 9.4% | – |
| Lived in the same house a year earlier | 87.2%±2.5 pts | 87.5% | – |
| Moved from another state in the past year | 0.6%±0.3 pts | 1.6% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profiles DP02, DP05) · Check it at data.census.gov
What do households in Harlem Township, Winnebago County earn?
Half of Harlem Township, Winnebago County's 15,171 households earn less than $77,883 a year (±$3,110), against $65,837 in Winnebago County and $83,390 in Illinois. In 2015-2019 it was $80,649 in 2024 dollars; the margins of error cannot tell the two periods apart. 11.0% of residents live below the poverty line.
| Measure | Harlem Township, Winnebago County | Winnebago County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median household income | $77,883±$3,110 | $65,837 | no clear change |
| Mean household income | $98,828±$5,113 | $86,473 | – |
| Per capita income | $38,853±$2,499 | $35,697 | no clear change |
| People below the poverty line | 11.0%±2.0 pts | 15.6% | +2.8 pts |
| Children under 18 below the poverty line | 17.4%±5.5 pts | 22.2% | no clear change |
| Households receiving SNAP | 13.3%±2.2 pts | 20.4% | – |
| Households with a computer | 96.3%±1.4 pts | 93.9% | – |
| Households with a broadband subscription | 92.4%±1.7 pts | 88.8% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP03) · Check it at data.census.gov
What does housing cost in Harlem Township, Winnebago County?
Owners occupy 76.6% of Harlem Township, Winnebago County's occupied homes and renters 23.4%. The median owner-occupied home is valued at $181,900 by its owner (±$7,472). The median renter pays $1,150 a month including utilities, and 27.9% of renters pay 35% or more of their income on rent.
| Measure | Harlem Township, Winnebago County | Winnebago County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median home value (owner-occupied) | $181,900±$7,472 | $164,500 | +$20,064 |
| Median gross rent | $1,150±$35 | $1,021 | no clear change |
| Renters paying 35% or more of income on rent | 27.9%±7.0 pts | 40.6% | no clear change |
| Median monthly owner costs, with a mortgage | $1,446±$59 | $1,411 | – |
| Owner-occupied homes | 76.6%±2.5 pts | 65.9% | no clear change |
| Renter-occupied homes | 23.4%±2.5 pts | 34.1% | – |
| Housing units | 15,856±433 | 125,002 | no clear change |
| Homeowner vacancy rate | 0.7%±0.6 pts | 1.0% | – |
| Rental vacancy rate | 2.8%±2.0 pts | 4.6% | – |
| Single-family detached homes | 77.1%±2.6 pts | 70.4% | – |
| Mobile homes | 4.2%±1.3 pts | 1.3% | – |
| Built 2020 or later | 1.2%±0.7 pts | 0.3% | – |
| Built 2010 to 2019 | 4.9%±1.3 pts | 2.3% | – |
| Built 1939 or earlier | 2.5%±1.0 pts | 15.5% | – |
| Households with no vehicle | 4.2%±1.6 pts | 8.6% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP04) · Check it at data.census.gov
How do people in Harlem Township, Winnebago County work and get to work?
81.1% of Harlem Township, Winnebago County's workers drive alone and 9.3% work from home. The average trip to work takes 22.5 minutes. The unemployment rate in 2020-2024 averaged 6.5%.
| Measure | Harlem Township, Winnebago County | Winnebago County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| In the labor force (age 16+) | 63.8%±2.0 pts | 61.5% | – |
| Unemployment rate | 6.5%±1.6 pts | 7.3% | no clear change |
| Drove alone to work | 81.1%±2.5 pts | 76.8% | – |
| Carpooled | 7.2%±1.5 pts | 10.2% | – |
| Public transportation | 0.1%±0.1 pts | 0.5% | – |
| Walked | 0.9%±0.8 pts | 1.1% | – |
| Worked from home | 9.3%±1.8 pts | 9.8% | +5.8 pts |
| Mean travel time to work | 22.5 min±1.5 | 23.0 min | no clear change |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP03) · Check it at data.census.gov
What census tracts are in Harlem Township, Winnebago County?
10 census tracts lie mostly in Harlem Township, Winnebago County, and 1 more reaches into it (2020 census blocks). Their median household incomes run from $52,796 (Tract 1.04) to $122,131 (Tract 38.06).
| Tract | Residents, 2020-2024 | Median household income |
|---|---|---|
| Tract 38.05Winnebago County | 6,985 | $74,594 |
| Tract 38.06Winnebago County | 5,549 | $122,131 |
| Tract 1.01Winnebago County | 4,359 | $71,635 |
| Tract 38.10Winnebago County | 5,621 | $92,083 |
| Tract 38.08Winnebago County | 4,002 | $86,902 |
| Tract 1.05Winnebago County | 3,877 | $69,619 |
| Tract 1.04Winnebago County | 2,788 | $52,796 |
| Tract 38.09Winnebago County | 4,648 | $53,192 |
| Tract 1.03Winnebago County | 2,669 | $64,275 |
| Tract 38.11Winnebago County | 1,519 | $107,143 |
| Tract 39.04Winnebago County | 4,638 | $84,677 |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026); 2020 block assignment files (tract share = share of the tract's census blocks in Harlem Township, Winnebago County) · Census block assignment files
How does Harlem Township, Winnebago County compare with other places in Illinois?
By the Census Bureau's July 2025 estimates, Harlem Township, Winnebago County is the 240th-most populous of the 16,079 U.S. towns and townships that have one and the 62nd-most populous of 1,407 in Illinois.
Harlem Township, Winnebago County ranks 681st of 1,380 places in Illinois with 1,000 or more residents and a reliable estimate, by median household income.
| Measure | Rank | Of |
|---|---|---|
| Population, July 2025 estimate | 62nd | 1,407 |
| Growth 2020-2025 (PEP) | 258th | 1,347 |
| Residents per square mile | 547th | 1,383 |
| Median household income | 681st | 1,380 |
| Per capita income | 676th | 1,383 |
| Median home value | 639th | 1,379 |
| Median gross rent | 414th | 1,280 |
| Poverty rate | 502nd | 1,119 |
| Bachelor's degree or higher | 641st | 1,369 |
| Median age | 800th | 1,383 |
| Owner-occupied share | 749th | 1,382 |
| Work from home | 639th | 1,015 |
| Travel time to work | 957th | 1,382 |
Harlem Township, Winnebago County's figures with every place in Illinois (CSV)
Every place in Illinois, sortable · Compare Harlem Township, Winnebago County with other places
Source: PlainCities ranks computed from the American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) and PEP Vintage 2025 · How ranks are computed
How reliable are the figures for Harlem Township, Winnebago County?
7 of the 57 figures for Harlem Township, Winnebago County on this page carry a coefficient of variation over 40% and are marked with a ring: they come from a small sample, so read them as rough.
The American Community Survey samples about one household in eight over five years, so every figure is an estimate with a 90% margin of error (shown under each value). A ring marks an estimate whose coefficient of variation is over 40%. A change is called only when the gap between the two periods is larger than their combined 90% margin (the square root of the sum of the two squared margins), the Census Bureau's test. How to read a margin of error.
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026): margins of error as published · ACS technical documentation
How these figures are made: methodology and release checks · reading a margin of error · every state · corrections
Not on this page: crime, weather and schools for Harlem Township, Winnebago County are other agencies' records. Crime: the FBI's Crime Data Explorer · climate: NOAA's U.S. Climate Normals · schools: the National Center for Education Statistics' school search.