City · New York
Troy, New York
Troy, city, in Rensselaer County, New York. Troy had 50,912 residents on July 1, 2025 by the Census Bureau's estimate, down 0.7% since 2020; the 2020 Census counted 51,401 and the ACS 2020-2024 5-year estimates put it at 51,033 (±37). GEOID 3675484.
Residents, July 2025 estimate
50,912
Census Bureau estimate (no margin published)
2020 Census count: 51,401 · ACS 2020-2024: 51,033 ±37
Median household income
$58,477
±$4,778 (90% margin)
New York: $85,974
Median home value
$206,500
±$10,306 (90% margin)
New York: $423,800
Median gross rent
$1,175
±$29 (90% margin)
New York: $1,621
Where is Troy and what county is it in?
Troy is a city in Rensselaer County, New York. It covers 10.4 square miles of land, 4,963 residents per square mile in 2020.
Troy is in the Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY metropolitan statistical area, which takes in 5 counties (Census Bureau delineation, July 2023).
Source: 2024 Gazetteer and 2020 place-by-county files, U.S. Census Bureau · Census reference files
How many people live in Troy, and is it growing?
The Census Bureau estimates that 50,912 people lived in Troy on July 1, 2025, down 0.7% since 2020, in line with New York (−1.0%). The 2020 Census counted 51,401 residents. The 2020-2024 American Community Survey, a five-year sample, puts the population at 51,033 (±37).
| Measure | Troy | Rensselaer County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total population | 51,033 ±37 | 160,332 | +1,575 |
| Households | 21,265 ±591 | 66,686 | +1,366 |
| Average household size | 2.13 ±0.06 | 2.30 | −0.12 |
| Housing units | 24,818 ±569 | 74,543 | +1,252 |
Troy's population since 2000
From 49,170 in 2000 to 50,912 in 2025: up 3.5%. The 2000, 2010 and 2020 figures are census counts, each for Troy as it was drawn that year: a place that annexed land, or a community that has since incorporated, covered a different area then. The 2005 figure is the Census Bureau's intercensal estimate, revised to fit the 2000 and 2010 counts and drawn on 2010 boundaries; 2015 and 2025 are July 1 estimates made from the census before them.
Source: The 2000, 2010 and 2020 Census counts and the Census Bureau's population estimates (intercensal 2000-2010, Vintage 2020, Vintage 2025) · Census population estimates
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026); Census PEP Vintage 2025 (SUB-EST2025, CO-EST2025); 2020 Census P.L. 94-171 · Check it at data.census.gov
Who lives in Troy?
The median resident of Troy is 32.3 years old; 17.2% are under 18 and 13.3% are 65 or older. The largest group is non-Hispanic white residents at 61.4%, then non-Hispanic Black residents at 15.5%. 8.1% of residents were born outside the United States.
| Measure | Troy | Rensselaer County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median age | 32.3 ±1.1 | 40.1 | +1.5 |
| Under 18 years | 17.2% ±1.1 pts | 19.1% | – |
| 65 years and over | 13.3% ±1.1 pts | 18.3% | – |
| Male | 49.7% ±1.1 pts | 49.9% | – |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 10.3% ±1.1 pts | 6.2% | no clear change |
| White alone, not Hispanic | 61.4% ±1.7 pts | 78.7% | no clear change |
| Black or African American alone, not Hispanic | 15.5% ±1.7 pts | 6.5% | no clear change |
| Asian alone, not Hispanic | 3.9% ±0.7 pts | 3.2% | −0.9 pts |
| American Indian and Alaska Native alone, not Hispanic | 0.1% ±0.1 pts | 0.0% | – |
| Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, not Hispanic | 0.0% ±0.1 pts | 0.0% | – |
| Two or more races, not Hispanic | 8.1% ±1.5 pts | 4.8% | – |
| Some other race alone, not Hispanic | 0.7% ±0.6 pts | 0.5% | – |
| Born outside the United States | 8.1% ±1.3 pts | 5.6% | no clear change |
| Speak a language other than English at home (age 5+) | 10.9% ±1.4 pts | 7.7% | – |
| Civilian veterans (age 18+) | 4.6% ±0.9 pts | 6.0% | – |
| With a disability | 18.5% ±1.7 pts | 14.6% | – |
| No health insurance coverage | 4.6% ±0.7 pts | 3.4% | no clear change |
| High school graduate or higher (age 25+) | 89.0% ±1.8 pts | 92.6% | – |
| Bachelor's degree or higher (age 25+) | 37.3% ±2.3 pts | 37.6% | +10.5 pts |
| Graduate or professional degree (age 25+) | 15.6% ±1.5 pts | 15.5% | – |
| Lived in the same house a year earlier | 81.8% ±2.1 pts | 88.7% | – |
| Moved from another state in the past year | 2.6% ±0.9 pts | 1.8% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profiles DP02, DP05) · Check it at data.census.gov
What do households in Troy earn?
Half of Troy's 21,265 households earn less than $58,477 a year (±$4,778), against $87,915 in Rensselaer County and $85,974 in New York. In 2015-2019 it was $56,277 in 2024 dollars; the margins of error cannot tell the two periods apart. 23.4% of residents live below the poverty line.
| Measure | Troy | Rensselaer County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median household income | $58,477 ±$4,778 | $87,915 | no clear change |
| Mean household income | $80,186 ±$4,830 | $107,086 | – |
| Per capita income | $35,237 ±$2,238 | $46,000 | +$3,622 |
| People below the poverty line | 23.4% ±2.2 pts | 11.8% | no clear change |
| Children under 18 below the poverty line | 40.5% ±6.9 pts | 17.8% | no clear change |
| Households receiving SNAP | 21.7% ±2.5 pts | 10.9% | – |
| Households with a computer | 94.2% ±1.3 pts | 95.7% | – |
| Households with a broadband subscription | 88.9% ±2.1 pts | 91.6% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP03) · Check it at data.census.gov
What does housing cost in Troy?
Owners occupy 37.4% of Troy's occupied homes and renters 62.6%. The median owner-occupied home is valued at $206,500 by its owner (±$10,306). The median renter pays $1,175 a month including utilities, and 44.4% of renters pay 35% or more of their income on rent.
| Measure | Troy | Rensselaer County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median home value (owner-occupied) | $206,500 ±$10,306 | $258,400 | +$22,142 |
| Median gross rent | $1,175 ±$29 | $1,217 | no clear change |
| Renters paying 35% or more of income on rent | 44.4% ±4.5 pts | 38.8% | no clear change |
| Median monthly owner costs, with a mortgage | $1,774 ±$85 | $1,940 | – |
| Owner-occupied homes | 37.4% ±2.3 pts | 64.8% | no clear change |
| Renter-occupied homes | 62.6% ±2.3 pts | 35.2% | – |
| Housing units | 24,818 ±569 | 74,543 | +1,252 |
| Homeowner vacancy rate | 0.7% ±0.7 pts | 1.0% | – |
| Rental vacancy rate | 7.6% ±1.6 pts | 5.8% | – |
| Single-family detached homes | 24.4% ±1.9 pts | 56.0% | – |
| Mobile homes | 0.4% ±0.3 pts | 2.5% | – |
| Built 2020 or later | 0.3% ±0.3 pts | 0.8% | – |
| Built 2010 to 2019 | 4.7% ±0.9 pts | 6.6% | – |
| Built 1939 or earlier | 55.3% ±2.3 pts | 33.2% | – |
| Households with no vehicle | 19.7% ±2.2 pts | 9.8% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP04) · Check it at data.census.gov
How many new homes is Troy building?
Builders took permits for 157 new housing units in Troy in 2025 (21 in single-family houses), 3.1 per 1,000 residents against 1.9 across New York.
Counts of units in permits a local office issued; not every permitted unit is built. A year marked with months was reported for part of the year.
Source: Building Permits Survey, annual place files 2019-2025, U.S. Census Bureau · Census Building Permits Survey
How do people in Troy work and get to work?
60.9% of Troy's workers drive alone and 14.5% work from home. The average trip to work takes 21.1 minutes. The unemployment rate in 2020-2024 averaged 9.1%.
| Measure | Troy | Rensselaer County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| In the labor force (age 16+) | 59.7% ±1.8 pts | 63.6% | – |
| Unemployment rate | 9.1% ±1.7 pts | 5.3% | +2.3 pts |
| Drove alone to work | 60.9% ±2.5 pts | 72.2% | – |
| Carpooled | 8.5% ±1.7 pts | 6.7% | – |
| Public transportation | 5.1% ±1.2 pts | 2.4% | – |
| Walked | 8.5% ±1.8 pts | 3.1% | – |
| Worked from home | 14.5% ±2.0 pts | 14.0% | +10.5 pts |
| Mean travel time to work | 21.1 min ±1.1 | 24.0 min | −1.8 min |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP03) · Check it at data.census.gov
What census tracts are in Troy?
16 census tracts lie mostly in Troy (2020 census blocks). Their median household incomes run from $35,016 (Tract 404) to $93,208 (Tract 411.01).
| Tract | Residents, 2020-2024 | Median household income |
|---|---|---|
| Tract 413Rensselaer County | 5,129 | $61,875 |
| Tract 402Rensselaer County | 4,798 | $41,685 |
| Tract 401Rensselaer County | 4,193 | $39,819 |
| Tract 410Rensselaer County | 3,903 | $68,040 |
| Tract 412Rensselaer County | 3,764 | $92,050 |
| Tract 407.01Rensselaer County | 3,687 | $43,078 |
| Tract 414Rensselaer County | 3,681 | $68,160 |
| Tract 409Rensselaer County | 3,293 | $62,175 |
| Tract 403Rensselaer County | 3,166 | $73,636 |
| Tract 411.01Rensselaer County | 3,162 | $93,208 |
| Tract 404Rensselaer County | 2,385 | $35,016 |
| Tract 406Rensselaer County | 2,302 | $45,044 |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026); 2020 block assignment files (tract share = share of the tract's census blocks in Troy) · Census block assignment files
How does Troy compare with other places in New York?
By the Census Bureau's July 2025 estimates, Troy is the 803rd-most populous of the 19,476 U.S. incorporated places that have one and the 13th-most populous of 594 in New York.
Troy ranks 1,425th of 1,623 places in New York with 1,000 or more residents and a reliable estimate, by median household income.
| Measure | Rank | Of |
|---|---|---|
| Population, July 2025 estimate | 13th | 594 |
| Growth 2020-2025 (PEP) | 496th | 1,225 |
| Residents per square mile | 140th | 1,657 |
| Median household income | 1,425th | 1,623 |
| Per capita income | 1,222nd | 1,653 |
| Median home value | 924th | 1,637 |
| Median gross rent | 672nd | 1,515 |
| Poverty rate | 84th | 1,331 |
| Bachelor's degree or higher | 645th | 1,640 |
| Median age | 1,559th | 1,654 |
| Owner-occupied share | 1,611th | 1,639 |
| Work from home | 525th | 1,350 |
| Travel time to work | 1,284th | 1,652 |
Troy's figures with every place in New York (CSV)
Every place in New York, sortable · Compare Troy with other places
Source: PlainCities ranks computed from the American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) and PEP Vintage 2025 · How ranks are computed
How reliable are the figures for Troy?
6 of the 57 figures for Troy on this page carry a coefficient of variation over 40% and are marked with a ring: they come from a small sample, so read them as rough.
The American Community Survey samples about one household in eight over five years, so every figure is an estimate with a 90% margin of error (shown under each value). A ring marks an estimate whose coefficient of variation is over 40%. A change is called only when the gap between the two periods is larger than their combined 90% margin (the square root of the sum of the two squared margins), the Census Bureau's test. How to read a margin of error.
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026): margins of error as published · ACS technical documentation
How these figures are made: methodology and release checks · reading a margin of error · every state · corrections
Not on this page: crime, weather and schools for Troy are other agencies' records. Crime: the FBI's Crime Data Explorer · climate: NOAA's U.S. Climate Normals · schools: the National Center for Education Statistics' public schools in Troy.