City · Ohio
Union, Ohio
Union, city, mostly in Montgomery County (99.5% of its 2020 residents), with a part in Miami County, Ohio. Union had 7,177 residents on July 1, 2025 by the Census Bureau's estimate, up 4.0% since 2020; the 2020 Census counted 6,859 and the ACS 2020-2024 5-year estimates put it at 7,037 (±166). GEOID 3978470.
Residents, July 2025 estimate
7,177
Census Bureau estimate (no margin published)
2020 Census count: 6,859 · ACS 2020-2024: 7,037 ±166
Median household income
$73,353
±$9,452 (90% margin)
Ohio: $71,389
Median home value
$169,200
±$15,887 (90% margin)
Ohio: $214,800
Median gross rent
$1,118
±$283 (90% margin)
Ohio: $1,034
Where is Union and what county is it in?
Union is a city mostly in Montgomery County (99.5% of its 2020 residents), with a part in Miami County, Ohio. It covers 8.3 square miles of land, 822 residents per square mile in 2020.
Union is in the Dayton-Kettering-Beavercreek, OH metropolitan statistical area, which takes in 3 counties (Census Bureau delineation, July 2023).
Union lies partly within Butler Township (Montgomery County), a township with its own local government (2020 census blocks).
| County | 2020 residents | Share |
|---|---|---|
| Montgomery County | 6,822 | 99.5% |
| Miami County | 37 | 0.5% |
Source: 2024 Gazetteer and 2020 place-by-county files, U.S. Census Bureau · Census reference files
How many people live in Union, and is it growing?
The Census Bureau estimates that 7,177 people lived in Union on July 1, 2025, up 4.0% since 2020, faster than Ohio (+0.9%). The 2020 Census counted 6,859 residents. The 2020-2024 American Community Survey, a five-year sample, puts the population at 7,037 (±166).
| Measure | Union | Montgomery County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total population | 7,037 ±166 | 536,096 | +409 |
| Households | 2,848 ±351 | 231,319 | no clear change |
| Average household size | 2.47 ±0.31 | 2.24 | no clear change |
| Housing units | 3,035 ±368 | 252,843 | no clear change |
Union's population since 2000
From 5,574 in 2000 to 7,177 in 2025: up 28.8%. The 2000, 2010 and 2020 figures are census counts, each for Union as it was drawn that year: a place that annexed land, or a community that has since incorporated, covered a different area then. The 2005 figure is the Census Bureau's intercensal estimate, revised to fit the 2000 and 2010 counts and drawn on 2010 boundaries; 2015 and 2025 are July 1 estimates made from the census before them.
Source: The 2000, 2010 and 2020 Census counts and the Census Bureau's population estimates (intercensal 2000-2010, Vintage 2020, Vintage 2025) · Census population estimates
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026); Census PEP Vintage 2025 (SUB-EST2025, CO-EST2025); 2020 Census P.L. 94-171 · Check it at data.census.gov
Who lives in Union?
The median resident of Union is 36.8 years old; 26.5% are under 18 and 20.9% are 65 or older. The largest group is non-Hispanic white residents at 82.6%, then non-Hispanic residents of two or more races at 10.8%.
| Measure | Union | Montgomery County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median age | 36.8 ±4.1 | 38.8 | no clear change |
| Under 18 years | 26.5% ±6.9 pts | 22.2% | – |
| 65 years and over | 20.9% ±5.2 pts | 18.6% | – |
| Male | 49.7% ±5.4 pts | 48.4% | – |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 1.2% ±2.3 pts | 4.2% | – |
| White alone, not Hispanic | 82.6% ±8.3 pts | 67.7% | −11.7 pts |
| Black or African American alone, not Hispanic | 5.3% ±0.9 pts | 20.4% | – |
| Asian alone, not Hispanic | 0.2% ±0.3 pts | 2.2% | – |
| American Indian and Alaska Native alone, not Hispanic | 0.0% ±0.5 pts | 0.0% | – |
| Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, not Hispanic | 0.0% ±0.5 pts | 0.0% | – |
| Two or more races, not Hispanic | 10.8% ±9.4 pts | 5.0% | – |
| Some other race alone, not Hispanic | 0.0% ±0.5 pts | 0.4% | – |
| Born outside the United States | 0.4% ±0.5 pts | 5.3% | – |
| Speak a language other than English at home (age 5+) | 1.4% ±2.4 pts | 7.3% | – |
| Civilian veterans (age 18+) | 5.7% ±2.5 pts | 8.4% | – |
| With a disability | 11.5% ±3.5 pts | 15.2% | – |
| No health insurance coverage | 8.2% ±7.1 pts | 6.5% | – |
| High school graduate or higher (age 25+) | 97.2% ±1.8 pts | 92.6% | – |
| Bachelor's degree or higher (age 25+) | 24.0% ±5.6 pts | 31.3% | no clear change |
| Graduate or professional degree (age 25+) | 9.0% ±4.1 pts | 12.9% | – |
| Lived in the same house a year earlier | 83.5% ±12.0 pts | 85.9% | – |
| Moved from another state in the past year | 0.6% ±0.7 pts | 1.9% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profiles DP02, DP05) · Check it at data.census.gov
What do households in Union earn?
Half of Union's 2,848 households earn less than $73,353 a year (±$9,452), against $66,139 in Montgomery County and $71,389 in Ohio. In 2015-2019 the median was $86,592 in 2024 dollars, so it fell by $13,239 after inflation.
| Measure | Union | Montgomery County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median household income | $73,353 ±$9,452 | $66,139 | −$13,239 |
| Mean household income | $117,726 ±$41,734 | $88,114 | – |
| Per capita income | $48,274 ±$17,478 | $38,450 | no clear change |
| People below the poverty line | 12.6% ±13.1 pts | 15.0% | – |
| Children under 18 below the poverty line | 28.2% ±31.4 pts | 22.2% | – |
| Households receiving SNAP | 9.2% ±5.2 pts | 13.5% | – |
| Households with a computer | 92.1% ±8.7 pts | 94.6% | – |
| Households with a broadband subscription | 91.4% ±8.7 pts | 90.6% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP03) · Check it at data.census.gov
What does housing cost in Union?
Owners occupy 81.2% of Union's occupied homes and renters 18.8%. The median owner-occupied home is valued at $169,200 by its owner (±$15,887). The median renter pays $1,118 a month including utilities.
| Measure | Union | Montgomery County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median home value (owner-occupied) | $169,200 ±$15,887 | $180,900 | +$46,131 |
| Median gross rent | $1,118 ±$283 | $1,026 | no clear change |
| Renters paying 35% or more of income on rent | 5.4% ±9.2 pts | 38.2% | – |
| Median monthly owner costs, with a mortgage | $1,254 ±$110 | $1,438 | – |
| Owner-occupied homes | 81.2% ±8.6 pts | 62.5% | no clear change |
| Renter-occupied homes | 18.8% ±8.6 pts | 37.5% | – |
| Housing units | 3,035 ±368 | 252,843 | no clear change |
| Homeowner vacancy rate | 4.2% ±4.6 pts | 1.3% | – |
| Rental vacancy rate | 0.0% ±6.8 pts | 4.7% | – |
| Single-family detached homes | 77.2% ±9.1 pts | 67.4% | – |
| Mobile homes | 1.5% ±2.5 pts | 1.3% | – |
| Built 2020 or later | 0.1% ±0.2 pts | 0.7% | – |
| Built 2010 to 2019 | 4.8% ±2.1 pts | 3.0% | – |
| Built 1939 or earlier | 2.3% ±1.8 pts | 15.6% | – |
| Households with no vehicle | 1.9% ±1.8 pts | 8.5% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP04) · Check it at data.census.gov
How many new homes is Union building?
Builders took permits for 2 new housing units in Union in 2025 (2 in single-family houses), 0.3 per 1,000 residents against 2.8 across Ohio.
Counts of units in permits a local office issued; not every permitted unit is built. A year marked with months was reported for part of the year.
Source: Building Permits Survey, annual place files 2019-2025, U.S. Census Bureau · Census Building Permits Survey
How do people in Union work and get to work?
86.8% of Union's workers drive alone and 8.8% work from home. The average trip to work takes 25.0 minutes.
| Measure | Union | Montgomery County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| In the labor force (age 16+) | 68.7% ±4.9 pts | 63.4% | – |
| Unemployment rate | 2.8% ±2.2 pts | 5.7% | – |
| Drove alone to work | 86.8% ±6.1 pts | 76.2% | – |
| Carpooled | 4.4% ±3.0 pts | 7.7% | – |
| Public transportation | 0.0% ±0.1 pts | 1.2% | – |
| Walked | 0.0% ±1.1 pts | 2.0% | – |
| Worked from home | 8.8% ±5.2 pts | 12.0% | – |
| Mean travel time to work | 25.0 min ±3.3 | 21.9 min | no clear change |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP03) · Check it at data.census.gov
What census tracts are in Union?
1 census tract lies mostly in Union, and 3 more reach into it (2020 census blocks).
| Tract | Residents, 2020-2024 | Median household income |
|---|---|---|
| Tract 1250Montgomery County | 6,619 | $72,921 |
| Tract 1101Montgomery County | 1,567 | $129,417 |
| Tract 3401Miami County | 5,094 | $90,673 |
| Tract 1251.02Montgomery County | 5,913 | $71,278 |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026); 2020 block assignment files (tract share = share of the tract's census blocks in Union) · Census block assignment files
How does Union compare with other places in Ohio?
By the Census Bureau's July 2025 estimates, Union is the 4,007th-most populous of the 19,476 U.S. incorporated places that have one and the 210th-most populous of 923 in Ohio.
Union ranks 860th of 1,699 places in Ohio with 1,000 or more residents and a reliable estimate, by median household income.
| Measure | Rank | Of |
|---|---|---|
| Population, July 2025 estimate | 210th | 923 |
| Growth 2020-2025 (PEP) | 169th | 1,589 |
| Residents per square mile | 628th | 1,734 |
| Median household income | 860th | 1,699 |
| Per capita income | 266th | 1,729 |
| Median home value | 1,112th | 1,707 |
| Median gross rent | 310th | 1,453 |
| Bachelor's degree or higher | 694th | 1,613 |
| Median age | 1,412th | 1,727 |
| Owner-occupied share | 788th | 1,732 |
| Work from home | 648th | 990 |
| Travel time to work | 784th | 1,731 |
Union's figures with every place in Ohio (CSV)
Every place in Ohio, sortable · Compare Union with other places
Source: PlainCities ranks computed from the American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) and PEP Vintage 2025 · How ranks are computed
How reliable are the figures for Union?
23 of the 57 figures for Union on this page carry a coefficient of variation over 40% and are marked with a ring: they come from a small sample, so read them as rough.
The American Community Survey samples about one household in eight over five years, so every figure is an estimate with a 90% margin of error (shown under each value). A ring marks an estimate whose coefficient of variation is over 40%. A change is called only when the gap between the two periods is larger than their combined 90% margin (the square root of the sum of the two squared margins), the Census Bureau's test. How to read a margin of error.
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026): margins of error as published · ACS technical documentation
How these figures are made: methodology and release checks · reading a margin of error · every state · corrections
Not on this page: crime, weather and schools for Union are other agencies' records. Crime: the FBI's Crime Data Explorer · climate: NOAA's U.S. Climate Normals · schools: the National Center for Education Statistics' public schools in Union.