County · Texas
Caldwell County, Texas
Caldwell County, Texas. Caldwell County had 55,150 residents in 2025 by the Census Bureau's estimate, up 20.2% since 2020, faster than Texas (+8.8%). It holds 7 places (7 cities, villages and boroughs) and 11 census tracts. GEOID 48055.
Caldwell County is one of the 5 counties of the Austin-Round Rock-San Marcos, TX metropolitan statistical area (the Census Bureau's July 2023 delineation).
Residents, July 2025 estimate
55,150
Census Bureau estimate (no margin published)
2020 Census count: 45,883 · ACS 2020-2024: 48,669
Median household income
$69,758
±$5,400 (90% margin)
Texas: $78,476
Median home value
$240,500
±$10,665 (90% margin)
Texas: $283,800
Median gross rent
$1,173
±$75 (90% margin)
Texas: $1,403
How many people live in Caldwell County, and is it growing?
The 2020 Census counted 45,883 residents in Caldwell County. The Census Bureau estimates 55,150 for July 1, 2025, up 20.2% since 2020, faster than Texas (+8.8%). The 2020-2024 American Community Survey puts the population at 48,669 over 545 square miles of land.
| Measure | Caldwell County | Texas | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total population | 48,669 | 30,188,424 | +6,525 |
| Households | 16,647±240 | 10,992,816 | +3,187 |
| Average household size | 2.74±0.04 | 2.69 | −0.10 |
| Housing units | 17,582±75 | 12,128,515 | +2,693 |
Caldwell County's population since 2000
From 32,194 in 2000 to 55,150 in 2025: up 71.3%. The 2000, 2010 and 2020 figures are census counts. The 2005 figure is the Census Bureau's intercensal estimate, revised to fit the 2000 and 2010 counts and drawn on 2010 boundaries; 2015 and 2025 are July 1 estimates made from the census before them.
Source: The 2000, 2010 and 2020 Census counts and the Census Bureau's population estimates (intercensal 2000-2010, Vintage 2020, Vintage 2025) · Census population estimates
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026); PEP Vintage 2025 (CO-EST2025); 2020 Census · Check it at data.census.gov
What cities and towns are in Caldwell County?
Caldwell County holds 7 places: 7 cities, villages and boroughs (incorporated places). The largest is Lockhart with 18,159 residents (2025 estimate). Places that cross a county line are listed with the share of their 2020 residents who live in this county.
| Lockhart | 14,379 | $68,400 |
|---|---|---|
| Luling | 5,599 | $54,818 |
| Martindale | 1,253 | $77,500 |
| Uhland | 1,588 | $92,238 |
| Mustang Ridge | 944 | $86,080 |
| Niederwald | 668 | $78,438 |
| San Marcos | 67,553 | $51,281 |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026); 2020 place-by-county parts · Check it at data.census.gov
Who lives in Caldwell County?
The median resident of Caldwell County is 38.4 years old; 23.2% are under 18 and 15.3% are 65 or older. The largest group is Hispanic or Latino residents (of any race) at 57.0%, then non-Hispanic white residents at 34.4%. 12.9% of residents were born outside the United States.
| Measure | Caldwell County | Texas | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median age | 38.4±0.5 | 35.6 | +2.5 |
| Under 18 years | 23.2%±0.1 pts | 25.0% | – |
| 65 years and over | 15.3%±0.3 pts | 13.4% | – |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 57.0% | 39.7% | +4.8 pts |
| White alone, not Hispanic | 34.4%±0.7 pts | 39.1% | −5.3 pts |
| Black or African American alone, not Hispanic | 4.5%±0.7 pts | 11.9% | −1.1 pts |
| Asian alone, not Hispanic | 0.8%±0.1 pts | 5.5% | −0.2 pts |
| American Indian and Alaska Native alone, not Hispanic | 0.0%±0.1 pts | 0.1% | – |
| Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, not Hispanic | 0.1%±0.1 pts | 0.1% | – |
| Two or more races, not Hispanic | 2.9%±0.8 pts | 3.1% | – |
| Some other race alone, not Hispanic | 0.4%±0.6 pts | 0.4% | – |
| Born outside the United States | 12.9%±1.9 pts | 17.6% | no clear change |
| Speak a language other than English at home (age 5+) | 34.4%±2.4 pts | 35.1% | – |
| Civilian veterans (age 18+) | 7.0%±0.9 pts | 6.2% | – |
| With a disability | 14.8%±1.2 pts | 12.3% | – |
| No health insurance coverage | 21.4%±2.0 pts | 17.1% | no clear change |
| High school graduate or higher (age 25+) | 82.0%±2.0 pts | 86.0% | – |
| Bachelor's degree or higher (age 25+) | 19.3%±2.2 pts | 33.8% | +4.7 pts |
| Graduate or professional degree (age 25+) | 5.5%±1.0 pts | 12.3% | – |
| Moved from another state in the past year | 1.4%±0.7 pts | 2.0% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profiles DP02, DP05) · Check it at data.census.gov
What do households in Caldwell County earn?
Half of Caldwell County's 16,647 households earn less than $69,758 a year (±$5,400), against $78,476 in Texas. In 2015-2019 it was $66,645 in 2024 dollars; the margins of error cannot tell the two periods apart. 13.2% of residents live below the poverty line.
| Measure | Caldwell County | Texas | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median household income | $69,758±$5,400 | $78,476 | no clear change |
| Mean household income | $87,260±$5,304 | $109,933 | – |
| Per capita income | $31,050±$1,748 | $40,752 | no clear change |
| People below the poverty line | 13.2%±2.5 pts | 13.8% | −5.7 pts |
| Children under 18 below the poverty line | 17.5%±4.8 pts | 18.7% | −8.2 pts |
| Households receiving SNAP | 11.4%±2.0 pts | 11.4% | – |
| Households with a broadband subscription | 90.3%±1.9 pts | 91.4% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP03) · Check it at data.census.gov
What does housing cost in Caldwell County?
Owners occupy 75.3% of Caldwell County's occupied homes and renters 24.7%. The median owner-occupied home is valued at $240,500 by its owner (±$10,665). The median renter pays $1,173 a month including utilities, and 39.0% of renters pay 35% or more of their income on rent.
| Measure | Caldwell County | Texas | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median home value (owner-occupied) | $240,500±$10,665 | $283,800 | +$62,296 |
| Median gross rent | $1,173±$75 | $1,403 | no clear change |
| Renters paying 35% or more of income on rent | 39.0%±7.3 pts | 42.3% | no clear change |
| Median monthly owner costs, with a mortgage | $1,678±$57 | $2,106 | – |
| Owner-occupied homes | 75.3%±2.8 pts | 62.6% | +7.9 pts |
| Housing units | 17,582±75 | 12,128,515 | +2,693 |
| Homeowner vacancy rate | 0.6%±0.9 pts | 1.1% | – |
| Rental vacancy rate | 2.9%±2.0 pts | 7.7% | – |
| Single-family detached homes | 60.9%±3.1 pts | 64.4% | – |
| Mobile homes | 24.5%±2.5 pts | 6.4% | – |
| Built 2020 or later | 4.7%±1.2 pts | 4.0% | – |
| Built 1939 or earlier | 7.4%±1.5 pts | 3.1% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP04) · Check it at data.census.gov
How many new homes is Caldwell County building?
Builders took permits for 443 new housing units across Caldwell County in 2025 (439 single-family), 8.0 per 1,000 residents.
Source: Building Permits Survey, annual county files 2019-2025, U.S. Census Bureau · Census Building Permits Survey
How do people in Caldwell County get to work?
77.2% of Caldwell County's workers drive alone and 9.9% work from home. The average trip to work takes 34.3 minutes. The unemployment rate in 2020-2024 averaged 3.4%.
| Measure | Caldwell County | Texas | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| In the labor force (age 16+) | 58.8%±2.0 pts | 65.3% | – |
| Unemployment rate | 3.4%±1.1 pts | 5.3% | no clear change |
| Drove alone to work | 77.2%±2.8 pts | 71.4% | – |
| Carpooled | 9.1%±1.6 pts | 10.0% | – |
| Public transportation | 0.2%±0.3 pts | 0.9% | – |
| Walked | 1.2%±0.7 pts | 1.5% | – |
| Worked from home | 9.9%±1.6 pts | 14.4% | +6.1 pts |
| Mean travel time to work | 34.3 min±2.0 | 26.7 min | no clear change |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP03) · Check it at data.census.gov
What are Caldwell County's census tracts?
Caldwell County is divided into 11 census tracts. Among those with a reliable estimate, median household income runs from $46,875 (Tract 9602) to $103,125 (Tract 9606).
| Tract 9601.0248055960102 | 5,465±547 | $80,795 |
|---|---|---|
| Tract 9601.0348055960103 | 6,651±676 | $73,461 |
| Tract 9601.0448055960104 | 2,946±484 | $89,879 |
| Tract 960248055960200 | 5,788±550 | $46,875 |
| Tract 960348055960300 | 5,732±710 | $86,128 |
| Tract 960448055960400 | 4,551±578 | $68,825 |
| Tract 9605.0148055960501 | 4,703±465 | $56,012 |
| Tract 9605.0248055960502 | 3,832±602 | $87,688 |
| Tract 960648055960600 | 3,114±556 | $103,125 |
| Tract 9607.0148055960701 | 2,968±445 | $54,401 |
| Tract 9607.0248055960702 | 2,919±452 | $57,745 |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) · Check it at data.census.gov
How does Caldwell County compare with Texas's other counties?
| Measure | Rank |
|---|---|
| Population | 73rd of 253 |
| Growth 2020-2025 | 18th of 254 |
| Residents per square mile | 51st of 254 |
| Median household income | 85th of 253 |
| Median home value | 54th of 247 |
| Median gross rent | 43rd of 245 |
| Poverty rate | 143rd of 240 |
| Bachelor's degree or higher | 143rd of 252 |
| Median age | 142nd of 254 |
Source: PlainCities ranks from the American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) and PEP Vintage 2025 · How ranks are computed
How these figures are made: methodology and release checks · reading a margin of error · every state · corrections
Not on this page: crime, weather and schools for Caldwell County are other agencies' records. Crime: the FBI's Crime Data Explorer · climate: NOAA's U.S. Climate Normals · schools: the National Center for Education Statistics' school search.