Research · Census population estimates, Vintage 2025
Which U.S. places grew and which shrank, 2020 to 2025
1,946 of the 3,146 incorporated U.S. places with 10,000 or more residents in 2020 gained people by July 1, 2025, and 1,198 lost them, by the Census Bureau's Vintage 2025 estimates.
Did large or small places grow faster?
Growth by the size a place had in 2020: the share of places that gained residents and the combined change of the group.
| Size (2020) | Places | Gained residents | Combined change |
|---|---|---|---|
| 100,000+ | 321 | 212 66% | +1.9% |
| 10,000-99,999 | 2,810 | 1,725 61% | +3.8% |
| 1,000-9,999 | 7,028 | 3,669 52% | +3.5% |
| under 1,000 | 39 | 18 46% | +0.4% |
Source: Census Bureau population estimates, Vintage 2025 (SUB-EST2025) · Census population estimates
In which states did most cities grow?
The share of each state's incorporated places of 10,000+ residents that gained people (states with at least five such places).
| State | Places | Grew | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| Idaho | 23 | 23 | 100% |
| New Hampshire | 11 | 11 | 100% |
| Maine | 11 | 10 | 91% |
| South Carolina | 41 | 37 | 90% |
| Nevada | 10 | 9 | 90% |
| North Carolina | 89 | 80 | 90% |
| New Jersey | 111 | 99 | 89% |
| Florida | 168 | 147 | 88% |
| Montana | 8 | 7 | 88% |
| Rhode Island | 8 | 7 | 88% |
| Arizona | 44 | 38 | 86% |
| Tennessee | 62 | 53 | 85% |
| Connecticut | 20 | 17 | 85% |
| South Dakota | 13 | 11 | 85% |
| Delaware | 6 | 5 | 83% |
| Georgia | 97 | 80 | 82% |
| Utah | 64 | 50 | 78% |
| Texas | 236 | 184 | 78% |
| North Dakota | 9 | 7 | 78% |
| Washington | 91 | 68 | 75% |
| Kentucky | 43 | 32 | 74% |
| Colorado | 50 | 37 | 74% |
| Virginia | 39 | 28 | 72% |
| Oklahoma | 44 | 31 | 70% |
| Arkansas | 37 | 26 | 70% |
| Maryland | 23 | 16 | 70% |
| Indiana | 82 | 57 | 70% |
| Massachusetts | 58 | 40 | 69% |
| Alabama | 66 | 44 | 67% |
| Minnesota | 102 | 68 | 67% |
| Oregon | 55 | 36 | 65% |
| Missouri | 80 | 49 | 61% |
| Wisconsin | 98 | 60 | 61% |
| Iowa | 42 | 25 | 60% |
| Nebraska | 16 | 9 | 56% |
| Wyoming | 11 | 6 | 55% |
| Kansas | 35 | 18 | 51% |
| Mississippi | 42 | 21 | 50% |
| Pennsylvania | 69 | 34 | 49% |
| New Mexico | 19 | 8 | 42% |
| Ohio | 177 | 69 | 39% |
| New York | 91 | 35 | 38% |
| California | 376 | 141 | 38% |
| Louisiana | 34 | 11 | 32% |
| Illinois | 222 | 69 | 31% |
| Michigan | 92 | 28 | 30% |
| West Virginia | 13 | 2 | 15% |
The fastest-growing places · The places losing the most people
Source: Census Bureau population estimates, Vintage 2025 (SUB-EST2025) · Census population estimates
How was this measured, and what are its limits?
The Census Bureau estimates each incorporated place's population every year from births, deaths, migration and housing, starting from the April 2020 count; these are estimates, not counts, and each vintage revises earlier years. Census-designated places get no yearly estimate, so they are not in this analysis. A place that annexed land grows on paper by its new residents.
How these figures are made: methodology and release checks · reading a margin of error · every state · corrections