State
New Mexico
New Mexico. New Mexico had 2,125,498 residents on July 1, 2025 by the Census Bureau's estimate, up 0.4% since 2020, slower than the United States (+3.1%). 528 places (105 incorporated and 423 census-designated) in 33 counties; 121,313 square miles of land.
Residents, 2025 estimate
2,125,498
Census Bureau estimate (no margin published)
2020 Census count: 2,117,522
Median household income
$64,059
±$808 (90% margin)
Median home value
$248,100
±$1,957 (90% margin)
Median gross rent
$1,067
±$11 (90% margin)
How many people live in New Mexico?
The 2020 Census counted 2,117,522 residents in New Mexico. The Census Bureau estimates 2,125,498 for July 1, 2025, up 0.4% since 2020, slower than the United States (+3.1%). 86.0% of residents live in an incorporated place or a census-designated place; the rest live outside any place.
New Mexico is the 36th-most populous of the 50 states by the July 2025 estimates (every state ranked).
| Measure | New Mexico | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|
| Total population | 2,120,246 | +27,792 |
| Households | 837,414±2,650 | +57,165 |
| Average household size | 2.48±0.01 | −0.15 |
| Housing units | 956,964±262 | +19,044 |
New Mexico's population since 2000
From 1,819,046 in 2000 to 2,125,498 in 2025: up 16.8%. The 2000, 2010 and 2020 figures are census counts. The 2005 figure is the Census Bureau's intercensal estimate, revised to fit the 2000 and 2010 counts and drawn on 2010 boundaries; 2015 and 2025 are July 1 estimates made from the census before them.
Source: The 2000, 2010 and 2020 Census counts and the Census Bureau's population estimates (intercensal 2000-2010, Vintage 2020, Vintage 2025) · Census population estimates
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026); PEP Vintage 2025; 2020 Census · Check it at data.census.gov
What are the largest cities in New Mexico?
Albuquerque is New Mexico's largest place with 556,588 residents in 2025, followed by Las Cruces (116,978 residents in 2025) and Rio Rancho (114,419 residents in 2025).
| Place | Residents | Median household income |
|---|---|---|
| Albuquerque | 556,588 | $68,317 |
| Las Cruces | 116,978 | $55,422 |
| Rio Rancho | 114,419 | $89,596 |
| Santa Fe | 89,837 | $73,482 |
| Roswell | 46,878 | $51,583 |
| Farmington | 46,055 | $68,784 |
| Hobbs | 40,863 | $64,021 |
| Clovis | 37,127 | $54,820 |
| South Valley | 37,120 | $58,224 |
| Carlsbad | 32,524 | $72,306 |
| Alamogordo | 31,906 | $55,952 |
| Los Lunas | 20,572 | $62,330 |
| Gallup | 19,969 | $58,303 |
| Sunland Park | 18,268 | $62,814 |
| Chaparral | 18,186 | $46,017 |
| Deming | 14,944 | $34,165 |
| Los Alamos | 13,317 | $141,018 |
| Artesia | 12,735 | $74,915 |
| Las Vegas | 12,574 | $45,125 |
| Portales | 11,734 | $50,555 |
| Lovington | 11,620 | $68,821 |
| Española | 10,458 | $47,667 |
| North Valley | 10,455 | $61,498 |
| Silver City | 9,284 | $38,711 |
| Bernalillo | 9,159 | $63,880 |
Source: PEP Vintage 2025 (SUB-EST2025); American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) · Census population estimates
What counties are in New Mexico?
New Mexico has 33 counties. Bernalillo County is the largest with 667,601 residents in 2025; Harding County is the smallest with 617.
Source: PEP Vintage 2025 (CO-EST2025), U.S. Census Bureau · Census population estimates
Who lives in New Mexico?
The median resident of New Mexico is 39.4 years old; 21.7% are under 18 and 19.3% are 65 or older. The largest group is Hispanic or Latino residents (of any race) at 48.4%, then non-Hispanic white residents at 36.0%. 9.4% of residents were born outside the United States.
| Measure | New Mexico | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|
| Median age | 39.4±0.1 | +1.6 |
| Under 18 years | 21.7%±0.1 pts | – |
| 65 years and over | 19.3%±0.1 pts | – |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 48.4% | −0.4 pts |
| White alone, not Hispanic | 36.0%±0.1 pts | −1.4 pts |
| Black or African American alone, not Hispanic | 1.8%±0.1 pts | no clear change |
| Asian alone, not Hispanic | 1.6%±0.1 pts | no clear change |
| American Indian and Alaska Native alone, not Hispanic | 8.5%±0.1 pts | – |
| Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, not Hispanic | 0.1%±0.1 pts | – |
| Two or more races, not Hispanic | 3.1%±0.1 pts | – |
| Some other race alone, not Hispanic | 0.5%±0.1 pts | – |
| Born outside the United States | 9.4%±0.2 pts | no clear change |
| Speak a language other than English at home (age 5+) | 31.3%±0.4 pts | – |
| Civilian veterans (age 18+) | 7.9%±0.2 pts | – |
| With a disability | 17.0%±0.3 pts | – |
| No health insurance coverage | 9.6%±0.3 pts | no clear change |
| High school graduate or higher (age 25+) | 88.0%±0.3 pts | – |
| Bachelor's degree or higher (age 25+) | 31.0%±0.4 pts | +3.7 pts |
| Graduate or professional degree (age 25+) | 13.9%±0.3 pts | – |
| Moved from another state in the past year | 3.0%±0.1 pts | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (DP02, DP05) · Check it at data.census.gov
What do households in New Mexico earn?
Half of New Mexico's 837,414 households earn less than $64,059 a year (±$808). In 2015-2019 the median was $61,232 in 2024 dollars, so it rose by $2,827 after inflation. 17.8% of residents live below the poverty line.
| Measure | New Mexico | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|
| Median household income | $64,059±$808 | +$2,827 |
| Mean household income | $88,155±$709 | – |
| Per capita income | $36,218±$281 | +$2,706 |
| People below the poverty line | 17.8%±0.4 pts | −1.3 pts |
| Children under 18 below the poverty line | 24.0%±0.8 pts | −2.7 pts |
| Households receiving SNAP | 19.2%±0.4 pts | – |
| Households with a broadband subscription | 86.5%±0.3 pts | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (DP03) · Check it at data.census.gov
What does housing cost in New Mexico?
Owners occupy 70.0% of New Mexico's occupied homes and renters 30.0%. The median owner-occupied home is valued at $248,100 by its owner (±$1,957). The median renter pays $1,067 a month including utilities, and 41.7% of renters pay 35% or more of their income on rent.
| Measure | New Mexico | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|
| Median home value (owner-occupied) | $248,100±$1,957 | +$37,159 |
| Median gross rent | $1,067±$11 | +$28 |
| Renters paying 35% or more of income on rent | 41.7%±0.9 pts | +2.0 pts |
| Median monthly owner costs, with a mortgage | $1,564±$11 | – |
| Owner-occupied homes | 70.0%±0.4 pts | +2.3 pts |
| Housing units | 956,964±262 | +19,044 |
| Homeowner vacancy rate | 1.0%±0.1 pts | – |
| Rental vacancy rate | 5.9%±0.4 pts | – |
| Single-family detached homes | 64.5%±0.4 pts | – |
| Mobile homes | 15.5%±0.3 pts | – |
| Built 2020 or later | 1.4%±0.1 pts | – |
| Built 1939 or earlier | 4.4%±0.2 pts | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (DP04) · Check it at data.census.gov
How many new homes is New Mexico building?
Builders took permits for 7,747 new housing units in New Mexico in 2025 (6,296 single-family), 3.6 per 1,000 residents.
Source: Building Permits Survey, annual county files summed by state, U.S. Census Bureau · Census Building Permits Survey
How do people in New Mexico get to work?
73.6% of New Mexico's workers drive alone and 12.2% work from home. The average trip to work takes 23.5 minutes. The unemployment rate in 2020-2024 averaged 6.0%.
| Measure | New Mexico | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|
| In the labor force (age 16+) | 57.8%±0.3 pts | – |
| Unemployment rate | 6.0%±0.2 pts | −0.7 pts |
| Drove alone to work | 73.6%±0.5 pts | – |
| Carpooled | 9.9%±0.4 pts | – |
| Public transportation | 0.6%±0.1 pts | – |
| Walked | 1.9%±0.1 pts | – |
| Worked from home | 12.2%±0.3 pts | +7.3 pts |
| Mean travel time to work | 23.5 min±0.3 | +1.2 min |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (DP03) · Check it at data.census.gov
How these figures are made: methodology and release checks · reading a margin of error · every state · corrections