Metro government · Kentucky
Louisville/Jefferson County, Kentucky
Louisville/Jefferson County, metro government, in Jefferson County, Kentucky. Louisville/Jefferson County is the Census Bureau's name for Louisville. Louisville/Jefferson County had 641,962 residents on July 1, 2025 by the Census Bureau's estimate, up 1.6% from the Bureau's April 2020 estimates base of 631,901; the 2020 Census counted 386,884 on the place as it was defined then and the ACS 2020-2024 5-year estimates put it at 631,818 (±200). GEOID 2148006.
Residents, July 2025 estimate
641,962
Census Bureau estimate (no margin published)
2020 Census count: 386,884 · ACS 2020-2024: 631,818 ±200
Median household income
$66,849
±$1,523 (90% margin)
Kentucky: $63,726
Median home value
$233,900
±$2,746 (90% margin)
Kentucky: $205,600
Median gross rent
$1,120
±$14 (90% margin)
Kentucky: $967
Where is Louisville/Jefferson County and what county is it in?
Louisville/Jefferson County is a metro government in Jefferson County, Kentucky. It covers 263.0 square miles of land, 1,471 residents per square mile in 2020.
Louisville/Jefferson County is in the Louisville/Jefferson County, KY-IN metropolitan statistical area, which takes in 12 counties (Census Bureau delineation, July 2023).
Source: 2024 Gazetteer and 2020 place-by-county files, U.S. Census Bureau · Census reference files
How many people live in Louisville/Jefferson County, and is it growing?
The Census Bureau estimates that 641,962 people lived in Louisville/Jefferson County on July 1, 2025, up 1.6% since 2020, slower than Kentucky (+2.2%). The Census Bureau's yearly estimates start from its own April 2020 base for Louisville/Jefferson County, 631,901, which differs from the 2020 Census count of 386,884: the estimates follow the place as the estimates program defines it today (its present boundaries, and for a consolidated city-county the area the program assigns it), so the change since 2020 is measured from that base. The 2020-2024 American Community Survey, a five-year sample, puts the population at 631,818 (±200).
| Measure | Louisville/Jefferson County | Jefferson County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total population | 631,818 ±200 | 783,022 | +14,028 |
| Households | 264,505 ±1,752 | 331,554 | +16,101 |
| Average household size | 2.34 ±0.01 | 2.32 | −0.09 |
| Housing units | 289,095 ±971 | 359,710 | +11,994 |
Louisville/Jefferson County's population since 2005
From 569,819 in 2005 to 641,962 in 2025: up 12.7%. The 2000, 2010 and 2020 figures are census counts, each for Louisville/Jefferson County as it was drawn that year: a place that annexed land, or a community that has since incorporated, covered a different area then. The 2005 figure is the Census Bureau's intercensal estimate, revised to fit the 2000 and 2010 counts and drawn on 2010 boundaries; 2015 and 2025 are July 1 estimates made from the census before them.
Source: The 2000, 2010 and 2020 Census counts and the Census Bureau's population estimates (intercensal 2000-2010, Vintage 2020, Vintage 2025) · Census population estimates
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026); Census PEP Vintage 2025 (SUB-EST2025, CO-EST2025); 2020 Census P.L. 94-171 · Check it at data.census.gov
Who lives in Louisville/Jefferson County?
The median resident of Louisville/Jefferson County is 37.7 years old; 22.5% are under 18 and 16.1% are 65 or older. The largest group is non-Hispanic white residents at 59.4%, then non-Hispanic Black residents at 22.1%. 10.4% of residents were born outside the United States.
| Measure | Louisville/Jefferson County | Jefferson County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median age | 37.7 ±0.2 | 38.4 | no clear change |
| Under 18 years | 22.5% ±0.2 pts | 22.3% | – |
| 65 years and over | 16.1% ±0.2 pts | 17.2% | – |
| Male | 48.8% ±0.2 pts | 48.7% | – |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 9.5% ±0.2 pts | 8.6% | +3.9 pts |
| White alone, not Hispanic | 59.4% ±0.3 pts | 62.0% | −6.2 pts |
| Black or African American alone, not Hispanic | 22.1% ±0.3 pts | 20.6% | −1.2 pts |
| Asian alone, not Hispanic | 2.9% ±0.2 pts | 3.1% | no clear change |
| American Indian and Alaska Native alone, not Hispanic | 0.1% ±0.1 pts | 0.1% | – |
| Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, not Hispanic | 0.0% ±0.1 pts | 0.0% | – |
| Two or more races, not Hispanic | 5.4% ±0.3 pts | 5.2% | – |
| Some other race alone, not Hispanic | 0.5% ±0.2 pts | 0.4% | – |
| Born outside the United States | 10.4% ±0.4 pts | 10.0% | +2.7 pts |
| Speak a language other than English at home (age 5+) | 13.7% ±0.5 pts | 12.9% | – |
| Civilian veterans (age 18+) | 6.1% ±0.3 pts | 6.2% | – |
| With a disability | 14.7% ±0.4 pts | 14.4% | – |
| No health insurance coverage | 6.0% ±0.4 pts | 5.7% | +0.6 pts |
| High school graduate or higher (age 25+) | 90.3% ±0.4 pts | 91.3% | – |
| Bachelor's degree or higher (age 25+) | 33.8% ±0.6 pts | 37.0% | +3.9 pts |
| Graduate or professional degree (age 25+) | 14.0% ±0.4 pts | 15.5% | – |
| Lived in the same house a year earlier | 86.3% ±0.5 pts | 86.4% | – |
| Moved from another state in the past year | 2.4% ±0.3 pts | 2.5% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profiles DP02, DP05) · Check it at data.census.gov
What do households in Louisville/Jefferson County earn?
Half of Louisville/Jefferson County's 264,505 households earn less than $66,849 a year (±$1,523), against $69,866 in Jefferson County and $63,726 in Kentucky. In 2015-2019 it was $65,763 in 2024 dollars; the margins of error cannot tell the two periods apart. 15.8% of residents live below the poverty line.
| Measure | Louisville/Jefferson County | Jefferson County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median household income | $66,849 ±$1,523 | $69,866 | no clear change |
| Mean household income | $93,175 ±$1,511 | $97,866 | – |
| Per capita income | $39,683 ±$631 | $42,087 | +$1,602 |
| People below the poverty line | 15.8% ±0.8 pts | 14.3% | no clear change |
| Children under 18 below the poverty line | 22.4% ±1.8 pts | 19.8% | no clear change |
| Households receiving SNAP | 12.5% ±0.5 pts | 11.0% | – |
| Households with a computer | 94.6% ±0.5 pts | 94.9% | – |
| Households with a broadband subscription | 90.5% ±0.4 pts | 90.9% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP03) · Check it at data.census.gov
What does housing cost in Louisville/Jefferson County?
Owners occupy 60.7% of Louisville/Jefferson County's occupied homes and renters 39.3%. The median owner-occupied home is valued at $233,900 by its owner (±$2,746). The median renter pays $1,120 a month including utilities, and 39.0% of renters pay 35% or more of their income on rent.
| Measure | Louisville/Jefferson County | Jefferson County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median home value (owner-occupied) | $233,900 ±$2,746 | $248,400 | +$38,589 |
| Median gross rent | $1,120 ±$14 | $1,149 | +$79 |
| Renters paying 35% or more of income on rent | 39.0% ±1.4 pts | 38.5% | no clear change |
| Median monthly owner costs, with a mortgage | $1,555 ±$21 | $1,593 | – |
| Owner-occupied homes | 60.7% ±0.9 pts | 62.1% | no clear change |
| Renter-occupied homes | 39.3% ±0.9 pts | 37.9% | – |
| Housing units | 289,095 ±971 | 359,710 | +11,994 |
| Homeowner vacancy rate | 1.0% ±0.2 pts | 0.9% | – |
| Rental vacancy rate | 6.6% ±0.8 pts | 6.3% | – |
| Single-family detached homes | 63.4% ±0.7 pts | 64.0% | – |
| Mobile homes | 1.4% ±0.2 pts | 1.2% | – |
| Built 2020 or later | 1.4% ±0.2 pts | 1.5% | – |
| Built 2010 to 2019 | 8.3% ±0.4 pts | 7.7% | – |
| Built 1939 or earlier | 15.6% ±0.4 pts | 13.5% | – |
| Households with no vehicle | 9.6% ±0.6 pts | 8.7% | – |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP04) · Check it at data.census.gov
How do people in Louisville/Jefferson County work and get to work?
72.3% of Louisville/Jefferson County's workers drive alone and 13.3% work from home. The average trip to work takes 22.5 minutes. The unemployment rate in 2020-2024 averaged 5.5%.
| Measure | Louisville/Jefferson County | Jefferson County | Change since 2015-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| In the labor force (age 16+) | 65.6% ±0.6 pts | 65.5% | – |
| Unemployment rate | 5.5% ±0.5 pts | 5.2% | no clear change |
| Drove alone to work | 72.3% ±0.8 pts | 72.4% | – |
| Carpooled | 8.7% ±0.6 pts | 8.4% | – |
| Public transportation | 1.8% ±0.3 pts | 1.5% | – |
| Walked | 2.0% ±0.2 pts | 1.7% | – |
| Worked from home | 13.3% ±0.6 pts | 14.2% | +9.0 pts |
| Mean travel time to work | 22.5 min ±0.3 | 22.2 min | no clear change |
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) (Data Profile DP03) · Check it at data.census.gov
What census tracts are in Louisville/Jefferson County?
86 census tracts lie mostly in Louisville/Jefferson County, and 40 more reach into it (2020 census blocks). Their median household incomes run from $29,672 (Tract 114.04) to $190,938 (Tract 103.22).
| Tract | Residents, 2020-2024 | Median household income |
|---|---|---|
| Tract 113.02Jefferson County | 8,155 | $61,976 |
| Tract 116.05Jefferson County | 7,665 | $96,484 |
| Tract 117.11Jefferson County | 6,976 | $87,485 |
| Tract 103.14Jefferson County | 6,803 | $133,672 |
| Tract 103.21Jefferson County | 6,626 | $145,625 |
| Tract 117.09Jefferson County | 8,152 | $96,313 |
| Tract 124.06Jefferson County | 6,266 | $69,269 |
| Tract 117.08Jefferson County | 6,228 | $74,375 |
| Tract 122.03Jefferson County | 6,063 | $73,993 |
| Tract 114.06Jefferson County | 6,047 | $55,052 |
| Tract 115.19Jefferson County | 6,029 | $109,615 |
| Tract 117.07Jefferson County | 5,998 | $110,507 |
Every census tract in Louisville/Jefferson County, with its figures
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026); 2020 block assignment files (tract share = share of the tract's census blocks in Louisville/Jefferson County) · Census block assignment files
How does Louisville/Jefferson County compare with other places in Kentucky?
By the Census Bureau's July 2025 estimates, Louisville/Jefferson County is the 27th-most populous of the 19,476 U.S. incorporated places that have one and the most populous of 418 in Kentucky.
Louisville/Jefferson County ranks 75th of 230 places in Kentucky with 1,000 or more residents and a reliable estimate, by median household income.
| Measure | Rank | Of |
|---|---|---|
| Population, July 2025 estimate | 1st | 418 |
| Growth 2020-2025 (PEP) | 104th | 204 |
| Residents per square mile | 75th | 232 |
| Median household income | 75th | 230 |
| Per capita income | 57th | 232 |
| Median home value | 64th | 225 |
| Median gross rent | 54th | 217 |
| Poverty rate | 134th | 203 |
| Bachelor's degree or higher | 66th | 223 |
| Median age | 129th | 232 |
| Owner-occupied share | 102nd | 229 |
| Work from home | 58th | 130 |
| Travel time to work | 104th | 232 |
Louisville/Jefferson County's figures with every place in Kentucky (CSV)
Every place in Kentucky, sortable · Compare Louisville/Jefferson County with other places
Source: PlainCities ranks computed from the American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026) and PEP Vintage 2025 · How ranks are computed
How reliable are the figures for Louisville/Jefferson County?
2 of the 57 figures for Louisville/Jefferson County on this page carry a coefficient of variation over 40% and are marked with a ring: they come from a small sample, so read them as rough.
The American Community Survey samples about one household in eight over five years, so every figure is an estimate with a 90% margin of error (shown under each value). A ring marks an estimate whose coefficient of variation is over 40%. A change is called only when the gap between the two periods is larger than their combined 90% margin (the square root of the sum of the two squared margins), the Census Bureau's test. How to read a margin of error.
Source: American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (released January 2026): margins of error as published · ACS technical documentation
How these figures are made: methodology and release checks · reading a margin of error · every state · corrections
Not on this page: crime, weather and schools for Louisville/Jefferson County are other agencies' records. Crime: the FBI's Crime Data Explorer · climate: NOAA's U.S. Climate Normals · schools: the National Center for Education Statistics' public schools in Louisville/Jefferson County.